基于肠道菌群探讨结直肠癌从脾肾论治的作用机制

Exploring Mechanism of Treating Colorectal Cancer from Spleen and Kidney Based on Intestinal Bacteria

结直肠癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤,且发病率呈逐年上涨趋势。中医学认为,该病属于“肠覃”“锁肛痔”等范畴,脾虚、肾亏是其发病之根本。基于脏腑理论,中医药从脾肾论治结直肠癌,疗效较为显著,但其具体机制目前尚未明确。脾肾亏虚可引起肠道菌群失调,而且多种肠道菌群与结直肠癌的发生发展密切相关,通过调节肠道菌群种类及数量的平衡可以抑制结直肠癌的发生与发展。补肾健脾类中药对肠道微生态具有良好的调节作用,基于此,以“肠道菌群”为切入点,结合现有研究成果,阐述肠道菌群失调与结直肠癌之间的关系以及脾肾两脏在结直肠癌发生发展中的重要作用,发现肠道菌群可能是从脾肾论治结直肠癌的重要纽带之一,肠道菌群结构正常,则脾气健运,气血生化充足,则肾精得以充养,正气充盛,则不易受邪,可有效预防结直肠癌的发生发展,最后进一步阐述了脾肾失资导致肠道菌群失调在结直肠癌发生发展中的科学内涵,以期为中医药防治结直肠癌提供重要参考和理论基础。

Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor in China,and the incidence rate is increasing year by year.According to traditional Chinese medicine,this disease belongs to the categories of“intestinal stasis”and“anorectal carcinoma”.Spleen deficiency and kidney deficiency are the root causes of its occurrence.Based on the Zang-Fu organs theory,traditional Chinese medicine treats colorectal cancer from the perspective of spleen and kidney,with significant therapeutic effects,but the specific mechanism is not yet clear.Deficiency of spleen and kidney can cause intestinal flora imbalance,and multiple intestinal floras are closely related to the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.Regulating the balance of intestinal flora types and quantities can inhibit the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.Kidney-tonifying and spleen-strengthening herbs have a good regulatory effect on intestinal microecology.Based on this,this article takes“intestinal flora”as the starting point,and combines existing research results to elaborate the relationship between intestinal flora imbalance and colorectal cancer,as well as the important role of spleen and kidney in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.It is found that intestinal flora may be one of the important links for the treatment of colorectal cancer from the perspective of spleen and kidney.If the structure of intestinal flora is normal,then the spleen and kidney are healthy.If the biochemistry of Qi and blood is sufficient,the kidney essence can be replenished,and if the vital Qi is abundant,it is not susceptible to pathogenic factors,which can effectively prevent the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.Finally,the scientific connotation of intestinal flora imbalance caused by spleen and kidney loss in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer is further elaborated,with a view to providing an important reference and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer by traditional Chinese medicine.