兔儿风属植物化学成分及药理作用研究进展

A Review of Chemical Constituents in Ainsliaea Plants and Their Pharmacological Activities

目的对兔儿风属Ainsliaea植物的化学成分及其药理作用进行综述,以期为研究兔儿风属的化学成分并根据其药理作用为相关的新型药物提供思路与启发。方法对近40年来大量国内外相关文献进行搜索与分析,并进行归纳整理与综述。结果兔儿风属植物具有多种活性成分,该属植物化学成分主要包括倍半萜类、三萜类与甾体类化合物及其衍生物、酚酸类、黄酮类、蒽醌类、香豆素类、木脂素类、挥发油类等成分,其中倍半萜类成分主要包括愈创木烷型、吉玛烷型、桉叶烷型、多聚体倍半萜内酯等倍半萜类成分。此外,兔儿风属植物具有多种药理作用,主要涉及抗菌作用、抗炎作用、抗肿瘤作用、抗肥胖作用等方面。结论兔儿风属植物药用历史悠久,具有多种化学成分与药理活性。目前的研究局限于兔儿风属植物的几个种,对兔儿风属植物质量控制的研究相对较少,可以考虑对该属的其他种植物进行相应的研究并综合研究成果规范该属植物质量控制的标准。现有的文献多局限于针对单一化合物在体内外活性机制的分析,对于其他种类化合物发挥药理作用及其机制的研究不够深入,有待进一步探索。

Objective To review the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of the plants of the genus Ainsliaea,with the aim of providing ideas and suggestions for the study of the chemical constituents of the genus and the development of new drugs based on its pharmacological effects.Methods A large amount of domestic and foreign literature of the last 40 years was searched,analyzed and then summarized and reviewed.Results The plants of the Ainsliaea contains a variety of active compounds,including sesquiterpenoids,triterpenoids,steroidal compounds and their derivatives,phenolic acids,flavonoids,anthraquinones,coumarins,lignans,essential oils,etc.Sesquiterpenes mainly include guaiacane type,zimerane type,eucalyptane type,polymer sesquiterpene lactone and other sesquiterpenes.In addition,the plants of the genus Ainsliaea have various pharmacological effects,which mainly include antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,and anti-obesity effects.Conclusion The plants of the genus Ainsliaea have been used medicinally for a long time,and have various chemical components and pharmacological activities.The current research is limited to some species of the plants of Ainsliaea,and there are relatively few studies on the quality control of the plants of Ainsliaea.It may be considered to conduct the corresponding research on other species of this genus and comprehensively standardize the quality control of this genus.The existing literature is mostly limited to the analysis of the in vivo and in vitro mechanisms of individual compound.The research of the pharmacological effects of other compounds and their mechanisms is not deep enough and needs further research.