微卫星不稳定型胃癌的临床意义和研究进展

Clinical significance and research progress of microsatellite instability in gastric cancer

胃癌的发生发展过程是由多种因素决定的。近年来,分子生物学的发展给胃癌的诊断、治疗提供了新的思路。微卫星不稳定(MSI)胃癌是由于机体DNA错配修复(MMR)基因缺陷导致的一种特殊的胃癌类型。对MSI胃癌的临床特征、分子机制以及预后进行研究发现,这类患者相较于普通类型的胃癌具有特定的临床病理特征和较好的预后。但目前国内外对MSI胃癌的研究仍然存在一些争议,本文意在从MSI的概念、MSI与胃癌的临床病理特征的关系及MSI胃癌的治疗进展等方面进行综述。

The occurrence and development of gastric cancer(GC)is determined by many factors.In recent years,the development of molecular biology has provided new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of GC.Microsatellite instability(MSI)GC is a special type of GC caused by the body s DNA mismatch repair(MMR)gene defect.Studies of the clinical characteristics,molecular mechanisms and prognosis of MSI GC found specific clinicopathological features and better prognosis in MSI GC compared with ordinary types of GC.However,there are still some controversies in the study of MSI gastric cancer at home and abroad.This article aims to review the concept of MSI,the relationship between MSI and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer,and the treatment progress of MSI gastric cancer.