微生物制剂对鲫鱼肠道微生物的影响

Effect of microbial preparation on intestinal microbiota in crucian carp

试验旨在研究微生物制剂对鲫鱼生长和肠道微生物菌群的影响。选择大小均匀的鲫鱼300尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼。A组饲喂含乳酸菌制剂的饲料,B组饲喂含丁酸梭菌制剂的饲料,C组饲喂含乳酸菌+丁酸梭菌混合制剂的饲料,D组饲喂含乳酸菌+丁酸梭菌混合制剂+3 mg/g的纳米硒的饲料,对照组(CK组)饲喂基础饲料。试验期28 d。结果显示,A组、B组、D组鲫鱼的增重率高于CK组(P<0.05),A组鲫鱼的肥满度和饲料系数高于CK组(P<0.05)。D组鲫鱼肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性高于CK组(P<0.05),B组鲫鱼肝胰脏溶菌酶(LZM)活性高于CK组(P<0.05)。A组鲫鱼肠道内梭杆菌(Fusobactria)丰度明显升高,B组的鲫鱼肠道内拟杆菌丰度明显升高。研究表明,饲料中添加乳酸菌、丁酸梭菌以及纳米硒促进了鲫鱼的生长,改变了鲫鱼肠道微生物的群落结构,抑制了有害菌的繁殖。

The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of microbial preparations on the growth and intestinal microbiota of crucian carp.Three hundred evenly sized crucian carp were randomly divided into five groups,with three replicates in each group,and 20 fish in each replicate.The group A was fed a feed containing mixed lactic acid bacteria preparations,the group B was fed a feed containing mixed Clostridium butyricum preparations,the group C was fed a feed containing a mixture of lactic acid bacteria and Clostridium butyricum preparations,the group D was fed a feed containing a mixture of lactic acid bacteria,Clostridium butyricum preparations,and 3 mg/g nano-selenium.The control group(CK group)was fed a basic feed.The experimental period lasted for 28 days.The results showed that the weight gain rate of crucian carp in the group A,group B,and group D was higher than that in the CK group(P<0.05).The condition factor and feed coefficient of crucian carp in the group A were higher than those in the CK group(P<0.05).The hepatopancreas SOD activity of crucian carp in the group D was higher than that in the CK group(P<0.05),and the hepatopancreas LZM activity in the group B was higher than that in the CK group(P<0.05).The abundance of Fusobacteria in the intestines of crucian carp in the group A significantly increased,while the abundance of Bacteroidetes in the intestines of crucian carp in the group B significantly increased.The study indicates that adding lactic acid bacteria,Clostridium butyricum,and nano-selenium to the feed can promote the growth of crucian carp,alter the community structure of the intestinal microbiota,and inhibit harmful bacteria in the intestines.