虾青素对组胺胁迫下美洲鳗鲡幼鱼肝脏健康的影响

Effect of astaxanthin addition on hepatic health of juvenile Anguilla rostrata under histamine stress

试验旨在研究虾青素对组胺胁迫下美洲鳗鲡幼鱼肝脏健康的影响。选取初重为(25.01±0.17)g的美洲鳗鲡幼鱼(Anguilla rostrata)400尾,随机分为4组(每组4个重复,每个重复25尾鱼),即对照组(CK组)、H组、H+AST4组、H+AST8组,分别饲喂基础饲料、高组胺饲料及在高组胺饲料中添加4、8 mg/kg虾青素的试验饲料。试验期70 d。结果显示,与CK组相比,H组血清谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性升高(P<0.05);肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)均降低(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量提高(P<0.05)。H+AST4组和H+AST8组血清AST和ALT活性均低于H组(P<0.05);肝脏SOD、CAT、GSH-Px、GSH、T-AOC高于H组(P<0.05),MDA含量低于H组(P<0.05)。与CK组相比,H组肝脏细胞界限模糊,肝小叶结构不完整,有较多肝细胞出现细胞核偏移和空泡变性现象;H+AST4组和H+AST8组肝脏细胞界限明显,呈多角形,核大而圆,位于中央清晰可见,与CK组相比无明显变化。研究表明,组胺胁迫下添加4 mg/kg虾青素可降低美洲鳗鲡幼鱼血清转氨酶活性及肝脏MDA含量,提高肝脏抗氧化能力,改善肝脏结构形态,有益于肝脏健康;添加8 mg/kg虾青素对美洲鳗鲡幼鱼上述指标无进一步的改善效果。

The study aimed to investigate the impact of astaxanthin on the hepatic health in juvenile Anguilla rostrata under histamine stress.Four hundred juvenile fish with an initial weight of(25.01±0.17)g were randomly divided into four groups(with four replicates per group and 25 fish per replicate):CK group,H group,H+AST4 group,and H+AST8 group.The juvenile fish were fed a basal feed,high histamine feed,and high histamine feed supplemented with 4 or 8 mg/kg of astaxanthin,respectively.The experiment lasted for 70 days.The results showed that compared to the CK group,the H group exhibited elevated serum AST and ALT activities(P<0.05).The hepatic SOD,CAT,GSH-Px activities,GSH concentration,and T-AOC decreased(P<0.05),while the MDA concentration increased in the H group(P<0.05).In the H+AST4 group and H+AST8 group,the serum AST and ALT activities were significantly lower than those in the H group(P<0.05),and the hepatic SOD,CAT,GSH-Px activities,GSH concentration,and T-AOC were higher than those in the H group(P<0.05),while the MDA concentration was lower than those in the H group(P<0.05).Compared to the CK group,the H group exhibited blurred cell boundaries,incomplete hepatic lobule structure,and numerous hepatocytes with nuclear displacement and vacuolar degeneration.The H+AST4 group and H+AST8 group showed clear cell boundaries,polygonal shapes,large and round nuclei centrally located,with no significant changes compared to the CK group.The study indicates that adding 4 mg/kg of astaxanthin to the feed under histamine stress can reduce serum aminotransferase activity and hepatic MDA concentrations,enhance hepatic antioxidant capacity,and improve hepatic structure,benefiting hepatic health.Adding 8 mg/kg of astaxanthin does not further improve the above indicators in juvenile Anguilla rostrata.