182名原发性肾病综合征患儿照顾者照顾能力现状及影响因素分析

Current status and influencing factors of care ability of caregivers of 182 children with primary nephrotic syndrome

目的调查原发性肾病综合征(Primary nephrotic syndrome,PNS)患儿照顾者照顾能力现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样的方法,选取2022年12月至2023年3月新疆乌鲁木齐市3所三级甲等医院符合纳入及排除标准的182名PNS患儿照顾者作为研究对象。采用家庭照顾者照顾能力量表、一般资料调查表、社会支持量表、照顾者负担量表、中文版疾病不确定量表进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析影响PNS患儿照顾者照顾能力的影响因素。结果PNS患儿照顾者照顾能力总分为(8.91±3.58)分。单因素分析结果显示,照顾能力在患儿是否为独生子女、病程、住院次数、照顾者文化程度、职业、职业状态差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,照顾者文化程度、职业、社会支持、照顾负担、疾病不确定感为PNS患儿照顾者照顾能力的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论PNS患儿照顾者照顾能力处于中等偏上水平,医护人员应该关注照顾者照顾负担,帮助其获取有效支持,减轻疾病不确定感,以提高照顾者照顾能力。

Objective To investigate the caring ability of caregivers of children with primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS)and its influencing factors.Methods From December 2022 to March 2023,convenience sampling was used to select 182 caregivers of children with PNS who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from the hospitals in Urumqi,Xinjiang as research objects.The investigation was carried out with the Family Caregiver Task Inventory,General Information Questionnaire,Social Support Rating Scale,Zarit Burden Interview and Parents Perception of Uncertainty Scale.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of the caring ability of caregivers of children with PNS.Results The total score of caring ability of caregivers of children with PNS was(8.91±3.58).The results of single factor analysis showed that the caring ability had statistical significance in whether the child was the only child,the course of disease,the number of hospitalizations,the caregiver's education level,occupation and occupational status(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the education level,occupation,social support,care burden and illness uncertainty of the caregivers of children with PNS were the influencing factors of the caring ability of the caregivers of children with PNS(P<0.05).Conclusion The caring ability of caregivers of children with PNS is above the medium level.Medical staff should pay attention to the care burden of caregivers,help them to obtain effective support,reduce the disease uncertainty,and improve the caring ability of caregivers.