城市建设用地指标流转最优策略及福利效应研究——基于量化空间模型

Optimal Strategy and Welfare Effect of Urban Construction Land Quota Transition——Based on Quantitative Spatial Model

如何同时保障地区发展和居民福利,需要对城市建设用地指标流转策略进行科学的评估。本文构建了一个城市体系的量化空间一般均衡模型,将城市建设用地内生化,求解了地方政府的最优城市建设用地指标流转策略,基于已有研究和中国数据对相关参数进行了校准和估计,对城市建设用地指标流转策略及其福利效应进行了动态模拟和分析。研究发现:允许城市建设用地指标流转可以提高政府目标函数值,但只有当政府以居民福利作为目标函数时才能同时实现居民福利最大化;城市建设用地指标流转在缓解城市用地紧张、提供扶贫资金的同时,也会挤出政府公共服务支出、减少调出地区的建设用地。本文的研究为地方政府制定合理的城市建设用地指标流转策略,实现新型城镇化高质量发展和乡村振兴战略提供了依据。

In recent years,the urban construction land quota transition policy has been used to solve the crowd⁃ing effect and provide funds for Rural Revitalization.The main content of this policy is to allow the regions that lack the construction land quota to purchase the construction land quota from the backward regions with the surplus.However,this policy has produced certain negative effects while providing land for construction in developed cities and financial support for backward areas.How to promote regional development and improve residents'welfare at the same time requires a scientific evaluation of the transfer strategy of urban construction land quota.A quantitative spatial general equilibrium model of urban system is constructed,including produc⁃tion,consumption and government departments,urban construction land is internalized,by considering the local governments to maximize the objective function of the problem,the optimal transfer strategy of urban construction land quota for local government is solved,the relevant parameters are calibrated and estimated based on the existing research and Chinese data,and the transfer strategy of urban construction land quota and its welfare effect is simulated and analyzed.The relevant data of construction land index transfer came from the information platform of savings index transfer linking the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land in Sichuan Province.It is found that allowing the transfer of urban construction land quota can improve the value of the government objective function,but only when the government takes the residents'welfare as the objective function can the residents'welfare be maximized at the same time;the transfer of urban construction land quota will not only alleviate the shortage of urban land and provide poverty alleviation funds,but also squeeze out government public service expenditure and reduce the construction land in the transferred out areas.The research of this paper provides a basis for the local government to formulate a reasonable transfer strategy of urban construction land quota,coordinate the relationship between regional production and residents'welfare,optimize the spatial layout of China's land,reasonably allocate regional urban and rural land resources,promote regional coordinated development,and realize the high-quality development of new urbanization and the rural revitalization strategy.