乡村振兴背景下非遗旅游利益相关者的共生模式研究——以丹寨万达小镇为例

Study on the symbiosis model of intangible cultural heritage tourism stakeholders under the background of rural revitalization——Taking Danzhai Wanda Village as an example

运用共生理论,以贵州省丹寨万达小镇为例,探究在共生环境的影响下,政府、企业、传承团体、村民和旅游者五类非遗旅游利益相关者团体(即共生单元),通过共生介质(即非遗旅游)形成的共生关系。为进一步确定共生单元间相互作用的程度,运用社会网络分析法定量测度单元间的共生模式。结果表明:小镇非遗旅游共生单元间的共生行为模式以间歇和连续共生为主,共生行为模式以非对称互惠共生为主;未来应重点关注改善反向共生环境、支持弱势单元(即村民)参与小镇的发展、提高共生介质(即非遗旅游的品质)等,以推动共生演化。丹寨万达小镇的非遗旅游实践模式表明,在经济欠发达地区的非遗旅游发展过程中,可通过多主体价值共创的方式推动非遗旅游产业快速发展。

Taking Danzhai Wanda Village in Guizhou Province as an example,through the application of symbiosis theory,this paper explored the symbiotic relationship formed by five types of intangible cultural heritage tourism stakeholder groups(symbiotic units),namely government,enterprises,inheritors villagers and tourists,through a symbiotic medium(intangible cultural heritage tourism)under the influence of a symbiotic environment.In order to further determine the degree of interaction between symbiotic units,this paper used social network analysis method to quantitatively measure the symbiotic model between units.The results showed that:The symbiotic behavior model among the symbiotic units of small-town intangible heritage tourism was mainly intermittent and continuous symbiosis,and the symbiotic behavior model was mainly asymmetric mutualistic symbiosis.In the future,stakeholders should focus on improving the reverse symbiosis environment,supporting the vulnerable units(villagers)to participate in the development of Danzhai Wanda Village,and improving the quality of the symbiotic medium(intangible cultural heritage tourism),so as to promote the symbiotic evolution.The practice model of intangible cultural heritage tourism in Danzhai Wanda Village brought stakeholders enlightenment:in the development of intangible cultural heritage tourism in economically underdeveloped areas,the rapid development of intangible cultural heritage tourism industry could be promoted by the way of multi-subject value co-creation.