基于糖苷-阴非离子表面活性剂协同效应的抑尘泡沫特性研究

Study on characteristics of dust suppression foam based on synergistic effect of glycoside-anionic and nonionic surfactants

为改善抑尘泡沫综合性能,减小矿尘危害,通过润湿性、起泡性、抗硬水性实验探究糖苷-阴非离子表面活性剂复合体系的协同效应。测试所选9种表面活性剂泡沫、润湿性能,研究不同配比对复配体系泡沫性能的影响,并对其在高硬水条件下的泡沫综合性能进行评价。研究结果表明:去离子水条件下,月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯铵(B)、烷基糖苷(I)单体溶液具有较强的泡沫、润湿性能;当水质硬度为1000 mg/L时,B,I单体溶液的起泡时间仅降低了8.7%,7.3%,泡沫排液半衰期也仅缩短了22.0%和51.4%,说明B,I单体溶液的抗硬水性能较佳。高硬水条件下,8∶2的B-I复配体系的协同润湿、起泡效应最为明显,泡沫综合指数达到峰值,相比B,I单体溶液分别提高72.8%,77.8%。研究结果可为高效泡沫降尘剂的开发提供参考。

To improve the comprehensive performance of dust suppression foam and reduce the hazard of mining dust,the synergistic effect of glycoside-anionic and nonionic surfactant composite system was explored through the experiments of wettability,foaming,and hard water resistance.The foaming and wetting performance of the nine selected surfactants were firstly tested,then the influence of different ratios on the foam performance of the compounded system was investigated,and their comprehensive performance under high hard water conditions were evaluated.The results show that the monomer solutions of Ammonium lauryl ether sulfate(B)and alkyl glycosides(I)have strong foaming and wetting performance under the condition of deionized water.When the water hardness is 1000 mg/L,the foaming time of the solutions of B and I is only reduced by 8.7%and 7.3%,and the drainage half-life of the foam is only shortened by 22.0%and 51.4%,which indicates that B and I have better hard water resistance performance.Under high hard water conditions,the synergistic wetting and foaming effects of the 8∶2 B-I compounded system are most pronounced,with 72.8%and 77.8%improvement compared to the monomer solutions of B and I,respectively,and the foam comprehensive index reaches its peak.The research findings can provide reference for the development of high-efficiency foam dust depressant.