狭窄库区滑坡涌浪特征分析及工程影响模型试验研究

Experimental study on the characteristics and engineering effects of landslide generated waves in narrow reservoir

为研究狭窄库区不同位置、体积滑坡涌浪对浪高及工程安全的影响,特以羊曲水电站库区H1滑坡体和1#变形体为例,建立1∶200的水工物理模型,研究失稳物质在体积100万、200万及500万m^(3)时产生的库区涌浪特征,进一步分析不同工况涌浪对特大桥及坝体稳定性的影响。结果表明:库区滑坡涌浪波类型为线性波,滑坡发生地和建筑物前的首浪高度均和失稳物质体积成正比;滑坡位置对工程的危害不一定和距离成反比,还和滑坡所处的水域条件相关;H1滑坡体或者1#变形体失稳产生的涌浪对特大桥无影响,但H1滑坡体体积大于200万m^(3)或1#变形体体积大于500万m^(3)时,会在溢洪道处漫坝。研究结果可为羊曲水电站库区滑坡涌浪灾害预防及应急调控措施制定提供参考。

In order to study the impact of landslides at different locations and volumes in the narrow reservoir on wave height and project safety,the physical models of H1 and 1#landslides of Yangqu Hydropower Station,China,at a scale of 1∶200 were established.Wave heights generated by landslides with 1 million,2 million and 5 million m^(3) are studied.The influence of wave on the stability of bridge and dam is analyzed.The results show that the wave type is linear wave,and the wave height is proportional to the landslide volume at the landslide site and dam site.The damage of the landslide location to the project is not necessarily inversely proportional to the distance,but also related to the water conditions where the landslide is located.The wave generated by H1 or 1#landslide has no impact on the bridge.However,when the H1 landslide volume is greater than 2 million m^(3) or 1#landslide volume is greater than 5 million m^(3),the dam overflow by the generated waves occurs.The results can provide a reference for the prevention of landslide wave disasters in Yangqu reservoir,China.