北京昌平区白羊城传统聚落空间形态及其影响因素研究

Research on Spatial Morphology and Influencing Factors of Traditional Settlement in Baiyangcheng,Changping District,Beijing

空间形态是传统聚落的重要组成部分,也是聚落形成与演变的重要载体。作为中国历史上独特的军事防御和皇家园寝聚落,北京昌平区流村镇白羊城村具有独特的聚落空间形态,但学界还没有相关的专题研究,这不利于科学认知以该村为代表的北京传统聚落的价值与特色。因此,通过文献查阅和实地调研,运用历史学、人文地理学、建筑学的研究方法,对该村的历史沿革和空间形态进行系统研究,发现在历史发展中聚落空间形态受到深层的地形环境、防御需求、堪舆选址、园寝营建等多样因素持续影响,呈现出动态演变的特征。基于此还对该村进行了价值评估,提出了未来保护发展建议,希望对同类聚落的保护、利用、传承和发展有所助益。

Spatial morphology is an important part of traditional settlement and an important carrier of settlement formation and evolution.As a unique military defense and royal tombs settlement in history,Baiyangcheng Village,Liucun Town,Changping District,Beijing,has a unique spatial morphology of settlement,but there is no relevant research in the academic field,which is not conducive to scientific cognition of the value and characteristics of traditional Beijing settlements represented by this village.Therefore,through literature review and field investigation,a systematic study on the historical evolution and spatial form of the village is made by using research methods of history,human geography and architecture.It is found that the spatial form of the settlement in the historical development is continuously affected by various factors such as deep terrain environment,defense needs,feng shui site selection,tomb construction and so on,and the characteristics of dynamic evolution is presented.Based on this,the value of the village is evaluated and suggestions for future protection and development are put forward,hoping to be helpful to the protection,utilization,inheritance and development of similar settlements.