二烷基二硫醚用途及合成方法研究进展

Research progress on the applications and synthetic methods of dialkyl disulfide

二硫醚广泛应用于从生物化学到不同工业重要聚合物的各个领域,也是用于其他精细化学品的合成中间体。寻找和开发高效、温和、环保且廉价的有机二硫化物制备方法,对有机官能团转化具有重要意义。硫醇的氧化偶联是制备二硫醚的最佳和最简单的途径。与二芳基二硫醚相比,有关二烷基二硫醚的研究报道相对较少,因此,本文重点关注二烷基二硫醚合成方法,特别是近十年来的反应,从催化或非催化硫醇与分子氧氧化、化学计量合成、电化学氧化及以硫磺作为氧化剂的氧化偶联5个方面综述了各自的合成反应机理、优点和局限性,以期促进该领域的进一步发展。

Disulfide is used in a wide range of applications,from biochemistry to industrially important polymers,and is also used as synthetic intermediates for other fine chemicals.It is of great significance to find and develop efficient,mild,environmentally friendly and inexpensive preparation methods for organic disulfide transformation.Oxidative coupling of mercaptan is the best and simplest way to prepare disulfide.Compared with diaryl disulfide,there are relatively few reports on dialkyl disulfide.Therefore,this paper focuses on the synthetic methods of dialkyl disulfide,especially the reactions in the last decade.In order to promote the further development of this field,the synthesis reaction mechanism,advantages and limitations of catalytic or non-catalytic mercaptans and molecular oxygen oxidation,stoichiometric synthesis,electrochemical oxidation and oxidative coupling reaction with sulfur as oxidant are reviewed.