基于公园质量评估及核密度两步移动搜索法的中山市城区绿地公平性研究

Spatial equity of green space in Zhongshan based on the park quality assessment and kernel density 2SFCA

针对绿地空间与住宅区之间的格局分布的研究存在缺乏整体性、视角单一等问题,以中山市为研究区域,通过构建指标体系,利用熵值法对绿地质量进行评价并分类,再利用核密度两步移动搜索法分析绿地服务与人口密度的关系,综合评价研究区内绿地公平性等级。结果表明:(1)中山市区内绿地可分为城市核心绿地、城市生态绿地、中心休闲绿地、小型邻里绿地,街旁迷你绿地五个类型,其中中心休闲绿地对绿地公平性贡献最大;(2)在相同搜索半径下,中山市区绿地资源与人口分布错配严重:市区中心存在“高需求-低供给”现象,市区边缘“高需求-低供给”和“低需求-高供给”现象并存;(3)搜索半径为30分钟时,除有较多中大型绿地分布的石岐街道外,其余街道的绿地公平性下降,研究区整体绿地公平性下降。研究成果可为中山市未来城市绿地布局优化提供理论参考。

Considering that the research on the distribution between green space(GS)and residential areas has problems such as lack of integrity and single perspective,this article takes Zhongshan as a case study,utilizing the entropy method to evaluate and classifies the quality of green space by establishing an index system,using the KD2SFCA to analyze the relationship between GS and population density and then comprehensively evaluating the spatial equity of GS in the study area.The result showed that(1)there were five types green space in Zhongshan:Urban Core green space,Urban Ecological green space,Central Amenity green space,Small Neighborhood green space,and Streetside Mini green space,among which Central Amenity GS contributed the spatial equity of green space the most.Different search radius had important impacts on GS spatial equity.(2)Under the same search radius,there was a serious mismatch between GS and population distribution in Zhongshan urban area:the urban center was in a state of"high demand-low supply"but the"high demand-low supply"and"low demand-high supply"coexisted at the edge of the urban area.(3)When the search radius was 30 minutes,except for the Shiqi District,where there were more medium and large GS,the spatial equity of GS in other district had declined,and the overall spatial equity in the study area had decreased.This research result can provide a theoretical reference for the optimization of future GS layout of Zhongshan.