柴油车尾气颗粒物净化研究进展

Research Progress in Particulate Matter Purification of Diesel Vehicle Exhaust

柴油车尾气颗粒物是大气污染物来源之一,尾气颗粒物的净化是后处理的重要组成部分,且技术发展较快。综述了柴油机尾气颗粒物的组成以及柴油机尾气颗粒物的净化方法,包括微粒过滤捕集技术、折叠滤筒、尾气洗涤净化技术、低温等离子体协同催化净化技术、微型旋转超重力机净化技术等。各种技术都有其优势和不足,需要根据柴油车功率和应用环境选择适宜的净化技术和设备,把尾气预处理与深度净化相结合,把颗粒物净化技术与脱除CO、NO_(x)、碳氢技术协同应用,不影响发动机性能且无安全隐患。

Diesel vehicles exhaust particulate matter is one of the sources of atmospheric pollutants,and the purification of exhaust particulate matter is an important component of post-treatment,and these technologies have developed rapidly.This article reviews the composition of diesel engine exhaust particulate matter and the purification methods for diesel engine exhaust particulate matter,including diesel particulate filtration technology,folding filter cartridges,exhaust washing and purification technology,low-temperature plasma synergistic catalytic purification technology,and micro rotating high gravity machine purification technology.Various technologies have their advantages and disadvantages.It is necessary to choose appropriate purification technologies and equipment based on the power of diesel vehicles and application environment,combine exhaust pre-treatment with deep purification,and apply particulate matter purification technology with CO,NO_(x),and hydrocarbon removal technology synergistically,without affecting engine performance and have no safety hazards.