碳基材料电催化合成氨的研究进展

Research Progress on Carbon-based Materials in Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis

氨作为重要的肥料和能源载体,传统合成方法(如哈伯-博斯工艺)的高能耗和二氧化碳排放问题促使人们寻求更环保、低能耗的替代方法。电化学氮还原反应(ENRR)被认为是一种有前景的方法。然而,ENRR仍面临着一些挑战,包括催化剂的产率和法拉第效率(FE)受到析氢反应(HER)和氮还原反应(NRR)竞争的影响。近期的研究集中在改进电催化剂以提高其活性和选择性。本文结合电催化机理,综述了碳基材料在NRR反应的研究现状,为寻找更高效、更环保的氨合成方法提供了重要的指导和启示,有望为未来的ENRR研究和环境友好型氨生产的发展奠定基础。

Ammonia,as an important fertilizer and energy carrier,faces challenges due to the high energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions associated with traditional synthesis methods like the Haber-Bosch process.This has prompted a search for more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient alternatives.Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reactions(ENRR)have emerged as a promising alternative.However,ENRR still encounters challenges,including competition from hydrogen evolution reactions(HER)and the nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR),affecting catalyst activity,yield,and Faradaic efficiency(FE).Recent research has focused on enhancing the activity and selectivity of electrocatalysts.This paper combines electrocatalytic mechanisms to review the current state of carbon-based materials in NRR,providing crucial guidance and insights toward more efficient and sustainable methods for ammonia synthesis.These advancements hold promise for future ENRR studies and the development of environmentally friendly ammonia production.