2021-2022年张家口市高血压性视网膜病变患病率调查及危险因素分析

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertensive retinopathy in Zhangjiakou City in 2021-2022

目的了解张家口市高血压视网膜病变的患病情况及其危险因素。设计横断面研究。研究对象2021年5月至2022年12月张家口市19个县区的居民。方法对居民进行高血压病和高血压视网膜病变筛查,所有受检人员均进行血压测量、眼科检查以及静脉血实验室检测,采用问卷调查形式收集患者年龄、性别、病程、体质量指数、并发症等,统计高血压视网膜病变的患病率,分析影响患病率的危险因素。主要指标患病率、危险因素。结果实际接受检查居民8056例,高血压患病率为16.39%(1320例);1320例高血压患者中检出视网膜病变患者212例(13.06%),占受检居民的2.63%;高血压视网膜病变患病在不同性别无差异,年龄≥60岁者的患病率高于<60岁者(P<0.05);多因素分析显示,病程长(OR=1.747)、高收缩压(OR=2.340)、高舒张压(OR=1.424)、有糖尿病史(OR=13.481)是发生高血压视网膜病变的危险因素(P均<0.05)。结论张家口市19个县区的居民高血压患者中高血压视网膜病变患病率约13%,年龄≥60岁、病程长、高收缩压、高舒张压、有糖尿病史是其危险因素。(眼科,2024,33:57-60)

Objective To investigate the prevelence and risk factors of hypertensive retinopathy in Zhangjiakou City,Hebei province.Design Cross-sectional study.Participants Residents in 19 counties of Zhangjiakou city from May 2021 to December 2022.Methods The residents were screened for hypertension and hypertensive retinopathy.Blood pressure measurements,eye examinations and venous laboratory tests were performed on all the subjects.Age,gender,course of disease,body mass index and complications of the patients were collected by questionnaire.The prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy among residents in Zhangjiakou City was analyzed and the risk factors affecting the prevalence were analyzed.Main Outcome Measures Prevalence,the risk factors.Result A total of 1320 hypertension patients were detected in 8056 residents,and the prevalence rate of hypertension was 16.39%.212 of the 1320 hypertensive patients were found to have retinopathy,the prevalence was 13.06%in hypertensive patients and 2.63%in all the examined residents.There was no difference between the proportion of male and female patients with hypertensive retinopathy,and the proportion of patients aged≥60 years old was higher than that of patients aged<60 years old(P<0.05).The disease course,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,diabetes and smoking history in the patient group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Regression results showed that long course of disease(OR=1.747),high systolic blood pressure(OR=2.340),high diastolic blood pressure(OR=1.424),diabetes history(OR=13.481)were risk factors for the occurrence of hypertensive retinopathy(all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy in 19 counties and districts of Zhangjiakou City was about 13%,and the prevalence was high among residents aged≥60 years.The risk factors were long course of disease,high systolic blood pressure,high diastolic blood pressure,and diabetes history.(Ophthalmol CHN,2024,33:57-60)