数字化转型、供应链集中度与供应商创新

Digital Transformation,Supply Chain Concentration and Supplier Innovation

数字化转型不仅改变了供应链的创新分工,也影响了供应链的组织关联与价值布局,是企业创新的主要动力来源。以2006-2020年的A股上市公司为研究对象,通过对公司年报文本信息进行挖掘,构建数字化转型指标,并实证分析了客户企业数字化转型与供应链创新的关系机制,以及供应链集中度的调节作用。研究发现,客户企业数字化转型有利于提升供应商创新水平。作用机制分析表明,客户企业数字化转型能够通过溢出机制与激励机制推进供应商创新。客户集中度与供应商集中度在上述关系以及机制中分别具有负向与正向的调节作用。异质性分析表明,客户企业数字化转型对非国有性质、高技术产业以及远距离的供应商企业的创新水平提升作用更为显著。因此,供应商企业应紧密把握客户企业的数字化转型进程,建立“链条整合”的经营思路,加强与客户企业的协同创新合作力度,以数字化转型带动创新水平的提升。

The digital transformation has not only changed the innovation division of the supply chain,but also affected the organizational connection and value layout of the supply chain,which is the main source of enterprise innovation.Taking A-share listed companies in 2006-2020 as the research object,through mining the text information of the company's annual report,the digital transformation indicators are constructed,and the relationship mechanism between digital transformation of customer enterprises and supply chain innovation is empirically analyzed,as well as the regulatory role of supply chain concentration.Results are as follows.First,the digital transformation of customer enterprises is conducive to improving the innovation level of suppliers.Based on the existing research,the above view shows that in addition to the impact of digital transformation on their own innovation performance,the digital transformation of partners is also the main factor to promote enterprise innovation.Second,the mechanism analysis shows that the digital transformation of customer enterprises can promote supplier innovation through spillover mechanism and incentive mechanism.Among them,spillover mechanism means that on the basis of knowledge or technology spillover of customer enterprises,supplier enterprises carry out independent innovation or imitation innovation.And incentive mechanism means that under the role of digital transformation of customer enterprises,supplier enterprises need to respond to the innovation needs of customer enterprises in a timely manner or carry out their own digital transformation to adapt to the digital transformation of customer enterprises.Third,customer concentration and supplier concentration have negative and positive regulatory effects in the above relationship and mechanism respectively.The above views show that,when the customer enterprise is highly dependent on the supplier enterprise,the supplier enterprise's motivation to cater to the customer enterprise's digital transformation will be reduced,and the importance of the customer enterprise's knowledge or technology spillover will also be reduced.Therefore,the increase of supplier concentration will lead to the weakening of the role of customer enterprise digital transformation on supplier innovation.On the contrary,when customer concentration increases,the impact of customer enterprise digital transformation on supplier innovation will be more significant.Finally,heterogeneity analysis shows that,compared with state-owned,non-high-tech industries and supplier enterprises in close proximity,digital transformation of customer enterprises plays a more significant role in improving the innovation level of non-state-owned,high-tech industries and long-distance supplier enterprises.Therefore,supplier enterprises should closely grasp the digital transformation process of customer enterprises,establish a"chain integration"business idea,strengthen collaborative innovation and cooperation with customer enterprises,promote the level of innovation through digital transformation.