中华文明突出特性的考古学认知及其历史逻辑

UNDERSTANDING THE CHARACTERISTICS AND HISTORICAL LOGIC OF CHINESE CIVILIZATION FROM AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

中华文明是世界上唯一以国家形态存在并且没有中断的文明,这在人类文明史上具有独特的历史价值和当代意义。早年法国著名历史学家费尔南·布罗代尔就曾经深刻地指出,中华文明是“在一个巨型社会中维持了稳定,在一个广衰的国度实现了政治统一”的实体。

This study delves into the hallmarks of Chinese civilization using an archaeological lens,spanning extensive timeframes and geographies.It distinguishes the unique characteristics of Chinese civilization from other global ancient civilizations.A significant emphasis is placed on the discussions spurred by the"project to trace the origins of Chinese civilization,"underscoring the value of China's heritage as a nation rich in ceremonial customs.The foundational systems established by the Qin and Han dynasties are highlighted,including administrative divisions,a unified script,standardized transportation of measures,and communal ethical guidelines.From the Wei and Jin eras to the Ming and Qing dynasties,Chinese civilization underwent a vast unifying transformation,characterized by its expansive territories,centralized governance,diverse ethnic groups,and rich culture.The study concludes that Chinese civilization's defining elements encompass political unity,cultural amalgamation,religious inclusiveness,economic diversification,and diplomatic engagement in exchanges and mutual learning.The author further details how these elements interrelate.