支气管肺发育不良早产儿父母出院准备需求的质性研究

A qualitative study of the discharge preparation needs in parents of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

目的 从新生儿重症监护室(NICU)支气管肺发育不良(BPD)早产儿父母的角度探讨其出院准备情况及居家照护信息需求,为采取科学有效的出院准备干预方案提供依据。方法 采用目的抽样方法,选取2021年12月-2022年8月入住贵州医科大学附属医院NICU的12名BPD早产儿父母为研究对象,采用质性研究的方法对BPD早产儿父母进行半结构式深入访谈,采用Colaizzi现象学分析法整理分析资料。结果 提炼出4个主题,即多样化知识需求、角色适应不足、出院准备不确定和情绪变化。结论 BPD患儿父母表示需要充分的准备和个性化的指导,以减少在过渡准备出院期间的焦虑和不确定性。因此需提高照顾技能和疾病相关知识,有助于父母的角色适应,并且多学科团队的支持指导可能对出院准备过程至关重要,尤其针对BPD早产儿的后期随访服务,为支气管肺发育早产儿家庭出院后延续性护理服务提供参考依据。

Objective To explore the discharge preparation and home care information needs of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)from the perspective of their parents,in order to provide a basis for adopting scientific and effective discharge preparation intervention plans.Method A total of 12 parents of premature infants with BPD in the NICU of Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital from December 2021 to August 2022 were selected as the research subjects by using purposive sampling method.Qualitative research was used to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with the parents of premature infants with BPD,and Colaizzi phenomenological analysis was used to organize and analyze the data.Results There were extracted 4 themes,namely diverse knowledge needs,insufficient role adaptation,uncertainty in discharge preparation,and emotional changes.Conclusion Parents of children with BPD indicate the need for adequate preparation and personalized guidance to reduce anxiety and uncertainty during the transition to discharge.Therefore,it is necessary to improve care skills and disease-related knowledge,which can help parents adapt to their roles,and the support and guidance of multidisciplinary teams may be crucial for the discharge preparation process,especially for the follow-up services of premature infants with BPD,providing reference for the continuity of care services for families with BPD after discharge.