一株高效石油降解菌的筛选及降解能力初探

Screening and Degradation Capability of a Highly Efficient Petroleum-Degrading Bacterium

为了有效降解石油开采过程中产生的含油污泥中的石油,达到油泥资源再利用的目的,选育高效石油降解菌,为石油污染生物修复提供菌种资源和技术支持。通过连续富集传代培养,从页岩油泥中分离出一株高效石油降解菌YH1-1,经过形态学、生理生化以及16S rRNA序列分析,鉴定YH1-1为醋酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)。该菌在温度30℃、初始培养pH值7.0条件下降解质量浓度50 g/L的油泥,经气相色谱(GC)分析,28 d降解率可达87%,说明该菌可有效降解石油烃。因此,醋酸钙不动杆菌YH1-1在开发研制石油污染生物修复菌剂方面有较好的应用前景。

In order to effectively degrade the oil in the oil sludge produced by oil exploitation and to achieve the purpose of recycling the oily-sludge resources,the high-efficiency degrading petroleum bacteria in the oil sludge were isolated and identified,which provided the strain resources and technical support for the biological remediation of oil pollution.The strain YH1-1 was isolated from Shale oily sludge by enrichment of the continuously passage culture.The YH1-1 was identified as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus by morphology,physiology and biochemistry,and 16S rRNA sequence analysis.At days 28,the degradation rate of the bacterium YH1-1 reached 87% by gas chromatography(GC) detection under the conditions of 30℃,an initial pH 7.0,and a mass concentration of oil sludge of 50g/L.The results demonstrated that the bacteria could effectively degrade petroleum hydrocarbons.Therefore,Acinetobacter calcoaceticus YH1-1 has a good application prospect in the development of petroleum pollution bioremediation agents.