基于扎根理论及G1-CRITIC-距离函数判法-VIKOR的铁路建设项目安全管理标准化评价

Evaluation of safety management standardization of railway construction projects based on rooted theory and G1-CRITIC-Distance Function Judgment-VIKOR

为促进安全管理标准化管理模式顺利实施,铁路建设项目安全管理迈向高标准高水平,开展铁路建设项目安全管理标准化评价研究。首先,以标准化管理为理论基础,根据质性研究方法-扎根理论对数据进行编码处理,建立以制度管理标准化、人员配备标准化、物料管理标准化、环境管理标准化、现场作业标准化、过程控制标准化为6个核心范畴和32个主范畴的铁路建设项目安全管理标准化评价指标体系。其次,借助劳伦茨曲线的基尼系数改进CRITIC方法,提出“G1-CRITIC-距离函数判别法”模型,计算属性权重。最后,采用VIKOR算法对案例项目进行实证分析,基于安全管理标准化值U_(R)评估标准化管理水平。结果表明:各案例项目的安全管理标准化水平不同,U_(R)值具有显著差异,P_(1)~P_(5)各项目的U_R值分别为0.047 6、0.148 3、0.451 9、0.971 5、0.648(其中P_(4)属于“高水平”;P_(3)和P_(5)属于“中水平”;P_(1)和P_(2)属于“低水平”)。通过折衷系数扰动下的敏感性分析,综合考虑群体效用和个体妥协,对不同等级的建设项目(P_(1)~P_(5))分别进行讨论,并提出标准化建设的决策建议。研究结果与各案例项目实际安全管理标准化程度相符,为深入推进铁路建设项目标准化管理工作、促进建设项目各项安全管理行为规范运作和管理体系的持续改进提供参考依据。

In order to promote the smooth implementation of the management mode of safety management standardization,and the safety management of railway construction projects towards a high standard and high level,the evaluation of safety management standardization of railway construction projects based on rooted theory and G1-CRITIC-Distance Function Judgment-VIKOR was carried out.First,by taking standardized management as the theoretical basis,the data were encoded according to the qualitative research method-rooted theory to establish the evaluation index system of safety management standardization of railway construction projects.It consisted of six core categories and 32 main categories:standardization of system management,standardization of personnel allocation,standardization of material management,standardization of environmental management,standardization of field work and standardization of process control.Second,with the help of the Gini coefficient of the Lorenz curve,the CRITIC method was improved.TheG1-CRITICdistance function discriminant methodmodel was proposed to calculate the weight of the attributes.Finally,the VIKOR algorithm was used to conduct empirical analysis on the case projects.The standardized management level was evaluated based on the standardization of security management value U_(R).The results showed that the level of safety management standardization in each case project presents different states,and U_(R) value is significantly different.The U_(R) value of each item in P_(1)~P_(5) is 0.0476,0.1483,0.4519,0.9715 and 0.648,respectively(among which P_(4) belongs to the"high level";P_(3) and P_(5) are"medium-level";P_(1) and P_(2) are"low levels").Through the sensitivity analysis under the compromise coefficient disturbance,both the group utility and individual compromise were considered comprehensively.The construction projects of different levels(P_(1)~P_(5))were discussed separately and decision-making suggestions for standardization construction were put forward.The research results are consistent with the standardization degree of actual safety management in each case project,providing a reference basis for further promoting the standardized management of railway construction projects,the operation of various safety management behavior norms and continuous improvement of management systems for construction projects.