政策工具视角下乡村人才振兴政策文本量化分析

Quantitative Analysis of Rural Talent Revitalization Policy Text from the Perspective of Policy Tools

乡村人才振兴是实现农民富裕富足、农村宜居宜业、农业高质高效的基础性战略支撑。基于政策工具视角构建政策工具类型、政策内容指向的二维交叉模型,运用文献计量法和内容分析法,分析我国中央层面发布的73份乡村人才振兴政策文本。分析发现,乡村人才振兴政策主题日益明晰、政策体系日臻完善,但存在政策工具运用失衡、政策导向相对集中、顶层设计协同不足、政策集成效益较弱等问题。后续政策调整应通过优化政策工具运用布局、促进政策导向全面涵容、加强政策体系顶层设计、推进政策集成效益提升等措施,增强乡村人才振兴政策的实际执行绩效,实现乡村人才的兴盛发展。

The rural talent revitalization is a fundamental strategic support for achieving the prosperity of farm-ers,livability and employment in rural areas,and high-quality and efficient agriculture.Based on the perspec-tive of policy tools,this paper constructs a two-dimensional cross model of the types of policy tools and the di-rection of policy content,and uses the bibliometric method and content analysis to analyze 73 rural talent revi-talization policy texts issued by China’s central ministries.Analysis reveals that the theme of rural talent revi-talization policies is becoming increasingly clear and the policy system is improving,but there are problems such as imbalanced use of policy tools,relatively concentrated policy guidance,decentralized top-level policy design,and weak policy integration benefits.Subsequent policy adjustments should be made by optimizing the layout of policy tools,promoting comprehensive policy orientation,strengthening the top-level design of the pol-icy system,and promoting the improvement of policy integration efficiency,in order to enhance the actual im-plementation performance of rural talent revitalization policies and achieve the prosperity and development of rural talents.