一趟钻智能混合钻头齿面结构设计与分析

Intelligent Hybrid Bit Design and Analysis for One Trip Drilling

石油钻头是油田开采的重要井下装备之一,我国复杂地质的油气开采较难实现,传统钻头在高研磨地层中磨损严重,频繁起下钻导致钻井效率低下。为此,设计一种适用于一趟钻的智能混合钻头。运用CREO软件进行混合钻头的参数化设计,建立三维模型,绘制混合钻头的井底破碎曲线。该钻头PDC部分可以进行轴向伸缩和相对于钻头体转动,钻头PDC部分可伸缩最大距离为5 mm,可转动最大角度为20°;根据钻头钻进时所遇地层可调整混合钻头为PDC主导型或牙轮主导型;将三维模型导入Abaqus仿真软件中进行破岩仿真,得到混合钻头破岩时的机械钻速和岩石的应力场变化。结果表明,混合钻头在破岩过程中主要依靠牙轮切削结构和PDC部分的肩部结构对肩部岩石进行破碎。通过计算可得混合钻头的机械钻速平均为9.62 mm/s。

Oil drill bit is one of the important underground equipment in oil field exploitation.It is difficult to realize oil and gas exploitation in complex geology in China.Traditional drill bit is seriously worn in high abrasive formation,and frequent trip leads to low drilling efficiency.Therefore,an intelligent hybrid bit suitable for one trip is designed.CREO software is used to carry out the parametric design of the hybrid bit,a three-dimensional model is established,and the bottom hole fracture curves of the hybrid bit are drew.The PDC part of the bit can be axially telescoped and rotated relative to the bit body,the PDC part of the bit can be telescoped at a maximum distance of 5 mm and can be rotated at a maximum angle of 20°;depending on the formation the bit is drilling in,the hybrid bit can be adjusted to be PDC led or cone led;the 3D model is imported into Abaqus simulation software for rock breaking simulation,and the mechanical drilling rate and rock stress field changes during rock breaking are obtained.The results show that the mixed bit mainly relies on the cone cutting structure and the PDC shoulder structure to break the shoulder rock during the rock breaking process.Through calculation,it can be obtained that the average mechanical penetration rate of the hybrid bit is 9.62 mm/s.