大蒜种质资源的综合评价及聚类分析

Comprehensive Evaluation and Cluster Analysis of Garlic Germplasm Resources

为筛选满足市场不同需求的大蒜品种,为大理州大蒜栽培提供品种选择指导,本研究采用主成分分析及聚类分析,对11个大蒜品种的15个数量性状进行分析。主成分分析结果表明,株高、假茎长、假茎直径、最大叶长、最大叶宽5个主成分的特征值均大于1,累计贡献率达到76.47%,这5个主成分包含的要素信息量可基本反映15个农艺数量性状的主要信息。系统聚类分析结果表明,11个大蒜品种可划分为4大类,第Ⅰ类包括红七星、品5、选3、糙蒜、品12,适宜作为头蒜品种种植;第Ⅱ类包括温二早,适宜作为薹蒜和头蒜两用品种种植;第Ⅲ类包括成县紫皮蒜、品14、河南紫皮蒜、高脚子,适宜作为薹蒜品种种植;第Ⅳ类包括品16,适宜作为青蒜品种种植。通过聚类分析同类群大蒜品种的性状差异,建议糙蒜作为头蒜品种储备,温二早作为薹蒜和头蒜两用品种种植,成县紫皮蒜作为薹蒜品种储备,品16作为青蒜品种种植。相关结果将为大蒜种质资源的利用及品种选育等提供重要参考。

In order to screen garlic cultivars that meet different needs of the market and provide cultivar selection guidance for garlic cultivation in Dali Prefecture,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze 15 quantitative characters of 11 garlic cultivars.The results of principal component analysis showed that the eigenvalues of the five principal components of plant height,pseudostem length,pseudostem diameter,maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width were all greater than 1,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 76.47%.The information content of these five principal components could basically reflect the main information of 15 agronomic quantitative traits.The results of systematic cluster analysis showed that the 11 garlic cultivars could be divided into 4 categories.TheⅠcategory included Hongqixing,Pin5,Xuan3,Caosuan and Pin12,which were suitable for planting as head garlic cultivars.TheⅡcategory included Wenerzao,which was suitable for planting as a dual-purpose cultivar of moss garlic and head garlic.TheⅢcategory included Chengxianzipisuan,Pin14,Henanzipisuan and Gaojiaozi,which were suitable for planting as moss garlic cultivars.TheⅣcategory included Pin16,which was suitable for planting as a green garlic cultivar.Through cluster analysis of the character difference of garlic cultivars in the same group,it was suggested that Caosuan could be used as a head garlic cultivar,Wenerzao could be used as a dual-purpose cultivar of moss garlic and head garlic,Chengxianzipisuan could be used as a moss garlic cultivar and Pin16 could be planted as a green garlic cultivar.The relevant results could provide important reference for the utilization of garlic germplasm resources and cultivar breeding.