不同设施栽培模式对甜瓜生长发育和环境因子的影响

Effects of Different Facility Cultivation Modes on Growth and Development of Muskmelon and Environmental Factors

为研究爬地和吊蔓2种设施栽培模式对甜瓜生长发育和环境因子的影响特开展本试验。试验结果表明,2种栽培模式的夜间空气温度与湿度的变化曲线基本重合,爬地栽培白天的空气升温速度和降温速度、空气湿度下降速度和增加速度均快于吊蔓栽培。2种栽培模式的夜间空气平均温度和平均湿度差异不明显;与吊蔓栽培相比,爬地栽培白天空气平均温度高2.08℃、昼夜平均温差高2.19℃,平均湿度低8.21个百分点。爬地比吊蔓栽培的盛花期提早2 d,成熟期提早4~6 d,可溶性固形物含量高1.46个百分点。爬地栽培的甜瓜叶色浓绿、小而厚,吊蔓栽培的叶色淡绿、大而薄;吊蔓栽培的节间长度、白粉病发病率均显著大于爬地栽培。吊蔓栽培的667 m^(2)产值和利润都明显高于爬地栽培。

In order to study the effects of two facility cultivation modes of climbing and hanging vine on the growth and development of muskmelon and environmental factors,this experiment was carried out.The results showed that the variation curves of nighttime air temperature and humidity of these two cultivation modes basically coincided.The air heating rate and cooling rate in the daytime,and the decrease rate and increase rate of air humidity of climbing cultivation were faster than those of hanging vine cultivation.There was no significant difference in average nighttime air temperature and average humidity between two cultivation modes.Compared with the hanging vine cultivation,average air temperature in the daytime of climbing cultivation was 2.08℃ higher,the average temperature difference between day and night was 2.19℃ higher,and the average humidity was 8.21 percentage points lower.The full-bloom stage of climbing cultivation was 2 days earlier than that of hanging vine cultivation,the maturity stage was 4-6 days earlier,and the soluble solids were 1.46 percentage points higher.The plant leaves of climbing cultivation were dark green,small and thick,while the leaves of hanging vine cultivation were light green,large and thin.The internode length and powdery mildew incidence of hanging vine cultivation were significantly higher than those of climbing cultivation.The total output value and profit 667 m^(2) of hanging vine cultivation were obviously higher than those of climbing cultivation.