高能效高安全新兴计算芯片:现状、挑战与展望

High-efficiency and high-security emerging computing chips:development,challenges,and prospects

智能信息化社会对算力的需求日益增长,高能效和高安全性的计算芯片已经成为支撑科技创新和社会进步不可或缺的基础设施.新兴计算范式作为提升算力的创新技术,近年来在理论和技术方面取得了重要突破,引起了学术界和工业界广泛关注.本文从电路设计方法、新型芯片架构以及脑启发算法等多个角度介绍和分析了新兴计算芯片的相关前沿技术,同时讨论了各项技术的阶段性特征以及所面临的设计挑战和安全可信挑战,最后展望了新兴计算芯片技术的未来发展,并阐述了其发展的重点方向.

The demand for computational power in the era of intelligent informatization is steadily increasing,and high-efficiency and high-security computing chips have become indispensable infrastructures that support technological innovation and societal progress.As an innovative technology for enhancing computational power,emerging computing paradigms have made significant breakthroughs in both theory and technology in recent years,attracting widespread attention from both academia and industry.This paper provides an introduction to and analysis of the cutting-edge technologies related to emerging computing chips from various perspectives,including circuit design methods,novel chip architectures,and brain-inspired algorithms.In addition,it discusses the phase-specific characteristics of each technology and the design and security challenges they face.Finally,the paper presents prospects for the future development of emerging computing chip technology and outlines the key directions for its advancement.