我国茶业碳汇的时空演变规律和空间分异格局研究

Study on the Spatiotemporal Evolution and Spatial Differentiation Pattern of Carbon Sink in China’s Tea Industry

茶园生态系统具有重要的碳库功能。分析测评茶园生产种植过程中的碳汇水平,对科学评估茶园潜在的生态价值,推动茶产业绿色低碳发展意义重大。选取全国16个茶叶主产省份1978—2020年数据,借助茶树生长周期的生物量模型、土壤含碳量模型核算评估了我国茶业碳汇的基本情况,利用重心拟合模型分析了茶业碳汇的时空演变规律,并结合地理探测器模型就其空间分异的驱动因子展开探讨。结果表明:(1)我国茶业碳汇总量呈阶段性增长态势,于2020年达到73531.10万t,且土壤碳汇积累量高于植被碳汇,碳汇强度则具有“升-降-升”变化特征;(2)各省际茶业碳汇强度差异明显,高强度省份聚集在我国东部沿海和西部地区,碳汇重心长期位于湖南省境内,但稍有向西位移趋势;(3)农业补贴、农业经济发展水平是影响我国茶业碳汇空间分布格局的重要驱动力,但不同地区茶业碳汇空间分异的主导因子存在区别。基于此,从茶业碳汇的管理经营以及产业政策制定等方面提出相关建议。

The tea garden ecosystem has an important carbon storage function.Analyzing and evaluating the carbon sink level during the production and planting process of tea gardens is of great significance for scientifically evaluating the potential ecological value of tea gardens and promoting the green and low-carbon development of the tea industry.This paper selected data from 16 major tea producing provinces in China from 1978 to 2020,used biomass models of tea plant growth cycles and soil carbon content models to calculate and evaluate the basic situation of carbon sinks in China’s tea industry.The center of gravity fitting model was used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of carbon sinks in the tea industry,and the driving factors of spatial differentiation were explored in conjunction with geographic detector models.The results show that:(1)The total carbon sink of China’s tea industry had shown a phased growth trend,reaching 735.311 million tons in 2020,and the accumulation of soil carbon sink was higher than that of plant carbon sink.The carbon sink intensity showed a“rise-decrease-rise”characteristic.(2)There were significant differences in carbon sink intensity among different provinces in the tea industry.High-intensity provinces were concentrated in the eastern coastal and western regions of China,and the carbon sink gravity center had long been located within Hunan province,but there was a slight trend of westward displacement.(3)The agricultural subsidies and the development level of agricultural economy were important driving forces that affect the spatial distribution pattern of carbon sinks in China’s tea industry,but there were differences in the dominant factors for the spatial differentiation of carbon sinks in different regions.Based on this,this paper proposed relevant suggestions from the management and operation of carbon sinks in the tea industry,as well as the formulation of industrial policies.