语篇连贯视域下新闻报道隐性评论探析

An Analysis of Implicit Comments in News Reports From the Perspective of Discourse Coherence

文章以语篇连贯为视角,即导语和结论内部之间的语义联系的角度,分析了德国《明镜在线》中关于北京的新闻报道的隐性评论的识解过程及其规律。新闻报道者通过对新闻事实的选择和编排隐藏自己的评论和态度,表现在语言层面便是命题间的语义联系中含有报道者的隐性评论。其识解依赖于命题事实间的三大关系与新闻报道的语体特征相结合产生的特殊效果:并列关系可以使“背景事实”与“新闻事实”之间产生对比反差的效果;因果关系通过为“新闻事实”无标记地提供“因”或“果”来暗含报道者的评论;时间关系通过“预测”来暗示对“新闻事实”的评论。

The article analyzes the process and patterns of understanding implicit comments in news reports about Beijing in German magazine“Der Spiegel Online”from the perspective of discourse coherence.News reporters hide their comments and attitudes through the selection and arrangement of news facts,which is manifested at the language level as the implicit comments of the reporter contained in the semantic connections between propositions.Its interpretation depends on the special effect generated by the combination of the three major relationships between propositional facts and the stylistic features of news reporting.The parallel relationship can create a contrasting effect between“background facts”and“news facts”.Causal relationships imply the commentator’s comments by providing unmarked“cause”or“effect”for“news facts”.The temporal relationship implies commentary on“news facts”through“prediction”.