诱发黄羽肉鸡胴体损伤的行为因素的研究进展

Research Progress of Behavioral Factors Inducing Carcass Defects in Yellow-feathered Broilers

人兽共患病已引起社会和国家相关部门的高度重视。其中,新型冠状肺炎疫情公共卫生安全事件的暴发,进一步促使全国各地对活禽市场的管制日趋加强。黄羽肉鸡从活禽上市到冰鲜上市的转型已是大势所趋。基于此,黄羽肉鸡屠宰后的胴体正品率和美观度要求越来越高,如何减少黄羽肉鸡胴体损伤将是研究热点。诱发黄羽肉鸡屠宰后胴体损伤的因素除了与白羽肉鸡相似的诱因外,其警觉性、野性强等个性是主要原因。研究发现,争斗、啄羽或互相踩踏会引起胴体损伤,这与动物恐惧、焦虑和好斗性等密切相关。因此,本文就社会惊恐、社会等级和应激三个主要因素对诱发黄羽肉鸡胴体损伤的研究进展进行综述,并推测环境丰容为可行的改善措施,为推进黄羽肉鸡从活禽上市到冰鲜上市的转型提供理论依据。

Zoonotic diseases have attracted great attentions from relevant social and national departments.Of which,the outbreak of Covid-2019 has further prompted the increasing control over live poultry markets across the country,thereby pushing forward the transition of yellow-feather broilers from live poultry to chilled listing,which has become a major trend.Accordingly,it is increasingly demanding for the carcass integrity rate and aesthetics of yellow-feather broilers after slaughtering,and how to reduce carcass damages of yellow-feather broilers will be a topic afterward.The factors that induce carcass defects after slaughter in yellow-feather broilers are similar to those in white-feathered broilers.However,the alertness and wildness of yellow-feather broilers make them different from white-feather broilers.Fighting,feather pecking or stepping on others can cause carcass defects,which is closely related to social behaviors such as animal fear,anxiety and aggressiveness.Therefore,this paper reviews the research progress on possible factors such as social fear,social competition and stress that induce carcass defects in yellow-feather broilers,and speculates that environmental abundance may be a feasible improvement measure.It provides theoretical basis for promoting the transition of yellow-feather broilers from live poultry to chilled listing.