露天矿地下涌水模拟与安全防治研究

Study on Simulation and Safety Prevention of Underground Water Inflow in Open-Pit Mine

露天矿的涌水量预测是制定矿山防排水疏干方案的必要前提条件。以巴润露天矿为例,通过分析矿区水文与工程地质资料,建立矿区三维地下水数值模型,以此为基础对矿区进行涌水量预测和涌水点区域水均衡分析。研究结果表明:矿区模拟涌水量为3903.2 m^(3)/d,相较于“大井法”,其预测结果更接近实际勘察结果,能更客观准确地反映矿山涌水情况;矿区东采场北帮28~39勘探线的第四系洪积、冲积含水层补排不均导致边坡渗水,据此提出仰斜式排水孔与截水沟联合治理方案。对28, 32, 36共3处勘探线边坡进行排水模拟,模拟结果显示:采用仰斜式排水孔可有效降低地下水位,减少坡面渗水,提高边坡稳定性。研究结果可为矿山水患治理提供理论参考。

The prediction of water inflow in open-pit mine is a necessary prerequisite for the formulation of mine drainage and drainage scheme.Taking Barun open-pit mine as an example,by analyzing the hydrological and engineering geological data of the mining area,a three-dimensional groundwater numerical model of the mining area was established.Based on this,the water inflow prediction and regional water balance analysis of the water inflow point were carried out.The results show that the simulated water inflow in the mining area is 3903.2 m^(3)/d,compared with the“big well method”,the prediction results are closer to the actual survey results and can reflect the mine water inflow more objectively and accurately.The quaternary diluvial and alluvial aquifers of the 28-39 exploration line in the north of the eastern mining area had caused slope seepage due to uneven replenishment and drainage.Based on this,a combined treatment scheme of inclined drainage holes and intercepting ditches was proposed.The drainage simulation of three exploration line slopes of 28,32 and 36 was carried out.The simulation results show that the inclined drainage holes can effectively reduce the groundwater level,reduce the seepage of the slope surface and improve the stability of the slope.The research results can provide theoretical reference for mine flood control.