用于生物样品处理的高强度聚焦超声装置开发研究

Development of a high intensity focused ultrasound device for bio-samples preparation

针对传统超声设备存在的交叉污染、样本破碎不均匀等问题,本文研制了一种小型化、低成本的高强度聚焦超声装置。该装置通过凹球面自聚焦型压电陶瓷片产生超声波,在聚焦区域形成空化效应,实现样本裂解。首先,本文通过物理仿真证明装置的可行性,然后制作功率可调的驱动电路,实现0~22.4 W声功率输出,最后进行石蜡包埋样本脱蜡实验验证装置的有效性。实验结果表明,高强度聚焦超声装置的脱蜡效率和安全性明显优于传统化学方法,与商用超声仪器具有可比性。综上,本文研发的高强度聚焦超声装置有望应用于自动化核酸提取和纯化设备中,在样本前处理领域具有广阔的应用前景。

A miniaturized,low-cost high-intensity focused ultrasound device is developed for the problems of cross-contamination and uneven sample fragmentation in conventional ultrasound devices.This device generates ultrasonic waves through a concave spherical self-focusing piezoelectric ceramic piece,and creates a cavitation effect in the focusing area to achieve sample fragmentation.The feasibility of the device is demonstrated by physical simulation,then a driving circuit with adjustable power is designed and manufactured to generate 0~22.4 W acoustic power,and finally paraffin-embedded sample dewaxing experiments are performed to verify the validation of the device.The experimental results show that the dewaxing efficiency and safety of the high-intensity focused ultrasound device is significantly better than those of traditional chemical methods,and this device is comparable with commercial ultrasonic instruments.In summary,the high-intensity focused ultrasound device is expected to be applied in automated nucleic acid extraction and purification equipment and has a broad application prospect in the field of sample pre-processing.