区块链技术赋能乡村治理数字化的机理与路径——基于TOED框架的理论分析

The Mechanism and Path of Blockchain Technology Enabling Digitization of Rural Governance:Theoretical Analysis Based on TOED Framework

乡村治理数字化是创新乡村治理方式、提升乡村治理效能的重要举措,是实现乡村全面振兴的关键过程。近年来兴起的区块链技术由于具备去中心化、匿名性、公开透明等一系列特性,改变了传统乡村治理的场域情境,能够较好解决乡村治理过程中遇到的空间难题从而有效赋能乡村治理数字化。基于TOE理论框架,结合当前乡村数字治理的新情境,构建包含技术、组织、环境、数据四要素在内的TOED理论分析框架,着力探讨区块链技术驱动乡村治理数字化的内在机理,进而提出区块链技术赋能乡村治理数字化的优化路径。即:技术层面推动乡村治理协同效能最大化、组织层面助力乡村治理结构体系最优化、环境层面增进乡村治理共治情境最佳化、数据层面促使乡村治理数据流动最畅化。

Digitization of rural governance is an important measure to innovate rural governance methods and improve the efficiency of rural governance,and is also a technical guarantee for the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas.The rise of blockchain technology in recent years,due to a series of characteristics such as decentralization,anonymity,openness and transparency,has changed the field situation of traditional rural governance,and can better solve the spatial problems encountered in the process of rural governance,so as to effectively empower the digital rural governance.Based on the TOED framework and combined with the current new situation of rural digital governance,the paper constructs a TOED theoretical analysis framework including such four elements as technology,organization,environment and data,focuses on exploring the internal mechanism of digitalization of rural governance driven by blockchain technology,and then proposes an optimization path for digitalization of rural governance enabled by blockchain technology,that is,to maximize the collaborative efficiency of rural governance at the technical level,to optimize the structural system of rural governance at the organizational level,to optimize the co-governance situation of rural governance at the environmental level,and to maximize the flow of rural governance data at the data level.