农民农村共同富裕的制度供给研究

Exploring Systemic Provision for the Common Prosperity of Farmers and Rural Areas

农民农村共同富裕是中国实现全体人民共同富裕的突破口,然而,长期乡村制度供给的滞后成为农民农村共同富裕的发展掣肘。怎么解决这个问题?基于新制度经济学理论和“三农”问题现状,文章认为,要坚持底线思维和发展思维,建立健全农民农村共同富裕的制度供给体系,一方面从农业、农民和农村分别入手,健全以生产者为导向的农业支持保障制度,完善以提升发展能力为核心的农民社会保障制度,建立以城乡资源服务均等化为目标的农村公共保障制度,为农民农村共同富裕提供关键性制度安排;另一方面从农业、农民和农村整体出发,巩固和完善以共同富裕为旨归的农村基本经营制度,协同推进农村土地制度和农业经营制度改革,发展壮大新型农村集体经济,为农民农村共同富裕构筑根本性制度保障。

Achieving the common prosperity of farmers and rural regions is pivotal for realizing the broader goal of common prosperity for the entire population.Nonetheless,the persistent deficiency in rural systemic supply has been a major obstacle to this end.Drawing on the principles of New Institutional Economics(NIE) and examining the current state of the “three rural issues”(agriculture,farmers,and rural areas),this study advocates for the necessity to embrace both baseline and developmental perspectives to establish and enhance the systemic provisions for common prosperity in these sectors.On one front,the paper suggests improving agriculture-focused support and protection systems,deepening the social security system for farmers with an emphasis on development capabilities,and creating a public security system for rural areas aimed at equalizing resources and services between urban and rural settings.These measures are proposed as key institutional arrangements for the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas.On another front,addressing the “three rural issues” collectively,the paper calls for strengthening and refining the fundamental rural governance system designed for common prosperity,coordinating reforms of rural land and agricultural management systems,and actively fostering a new rural collective economy.These steps are envisioned to lay down the foundational institutional assurances for the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas.