河北省眼科医院眼科544例药品不良反应分析及风险防控

Analysis and risk prevention of adverse drug reactions in 544 cases of ophthalmology in Hebei Eye Hospital

目的分析眼科用药的药品不良反应发生特点,为眼科临床合理用药与风险防控提供参考。方法统计河北省眼科医院眼科门诊与住院在2018年1月至2022年12月上报到药品不良反应监测信息系统中的544例药品不良反应,对不良反应发生的基本情况、药品剂型、临床表现、排名前5位药品和严重不良反应进行分析评价,针对不良反应发生特点制订相应防控措施。结果眼科临床用药中,注射剂不良反应发生率最高,荧光素钠注射液发生不良反应数量最多,含激素眼用制剂、中药注射剂、糖皮质激素会引发严重药品不良反应。医师应严格掌握药物适应证,护士应密切关注用药后反应,药师应加强药学查房与医嘱点评工作,多方面来保障患者用药安全。结论重视药品不良反应的监测工作,掌握眼科不良反应的发生特点,强化重点人群和重点药物使用监护,对确保患者用药安全和降低药源性损害具有关键性作用。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse drug reactions in ophthalmology,and to provide reference for rational drug use and risk prevention and control in ophthalmology.Methods A total of 544 cases of adverse drug reactions reported to the adverse drug reaction monitoring information system in ophthalmology outpatient and inpatient departments of Hebei Eye Hospital from January,2018 to December,2022 were analyzed and evaluated for the basic situation of adverse drug reactions,drug dosage forms,clinical manifestations,top 5 drugs,and serious adverse reactions.Corresponding prevention and control measures according to the characteristics of adverse reactions were formulated.Results Among clinical ophthalmic drugs,the incidence of adverse reactions was the highest in injections,and the number of adverse reactions in sodium fluorescein injection was the highest.Ophthalmic preparations containing hormones,traditional Chinese medicine injections and glucocorticoids could cause serious adverse reactions.Doctors should strictly grasp the indications of drugs,nurses should pay close attention to the reaction after medication,pharmacists should strengthen pharmaceutical rounds and comments on medical orders to ensure the safety of patients.Conclusion Paying attention to the monitoring of adverse drug reactions,mastering the occurrence characteristics of adverse ophthalmic reactions,and strengthening the monitoring of key groups and key drugs use are key to ensuring the safety of drug use and reducing drug-induced damage.