空间碎片主动移除任务规划研究综述

Space debris active removal mission planning:A review

人类太空探索活动产生的空间碎片已成为太空空间中的主要污染物,并成为人类航天事业发展的重大障碍和威胁,因此,空间碎片主动移除问题引起了国际社会的广泛关注.对此,以空间碎片主动移除任务规划为主题,在对国内外相关文献进行系统分析的基础上,简要介绍空间碎片主动移除的发展现状;具体描述低地球轨道和地球同步轨道空间碎片主动移除任务规划问题;从目标筛选与分组、访问序列规划和转移轨迹规划3个层次介绍该问题的模型构建技术;按照显性枚举方法、隐形枚举方法和元启发式方法将空间碎片主动移除任务规划方法分类,对当前研究成果进行总结并指出存在的问题;最后,对未来空间碎片主动移除任务规划问题的研究方向进行展望.

Space debris generated by human space exploration activities has become a major pollutant in space,and also an obstacle and a threat to the development of human space industry.Active space debris removal problem has attracted widespread attention from the international community.Based on the systematic analysis of related domestic and international literature,we briefly introduce the current status of active space debris removal;describe the low earth orbit(LEO)and geosynchronous orbit(GEO)space debris active removal mission planning problem;introduce the planning model from three levels:target selecting and grouping,visiting sequence planning and transfer trajectory planning;categorize and summarize the current literature by explicit enumeration,implicit enumeration,and meta-heuristic methods and analyze the current drawbacks;and finally address the perspective of the space debris active removal planning problem.