光学相干断层扫描在眼前段疾病诊疗的研究进展

Recent progress of optical coherence tomography in eye anterior segment diseases

光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)是一种高分辨率无创的断层扫描成像技术,基本原理是利用光干涉原理对不同的组织和结构进行成像,自20世纪90年代初产生发展,通过不断的改进和更新运用于眼科。OCT最初引用于眼后节如视网膜等结构的观察,随着研究通过改变OCT仪器的波长及频率,目前将应用于眼前节各组织和结构的观察和测量技术称为眼前段光学相干断层扫描(anterior segment optical coherence tomography,AS-OCT),这项技术不仅能将角膜、前房、虹膜、瞳孔详细的展示在同一图像,还能应用于青光眼诊断、抗青光眼治疗疗效的观察等。本文将目前研究AS-OCT在测量眼前节结构方法的新进展做简要的介绍、优缺点进行分析、并且其在眼科其他方面的潜在的挑战和前景进行阐述。

Optical coherence tomography(OCT),a novel type of noninvasive tomography technology which utilizes the principle of light interference to image different tissues and structure.It has been developed since the early 1990s,and has been used in ophthalmology through continuous improvement and update.It was initially used to observe the structures of the posterior segment of the eye,such as the retina.As the research progressed,the wavelength and frequency of OCT equipment were modified,the observe and measurement technology applied in various tissues and structures of the eye anterior segment were called anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT).OCT can not only display cornea,anterior chamber,iris and pupil in detail on the same image,but also be used for glaucoma diagnosis and observation of the efficacy of anti-glaucoma treatments.This paper first briefly reviews the application of OCT in imaging anterior segment structure and recent advances of OCT,then analyzes its pros and cons,and its potential challenges and prospects in other aspects of ophthalmology are described.