芮恩施的国际关系研究

Paul S.Reinsch's International Relations Studies

传统观点认为,现代国际关系学诞生于第一次世界大战结束后的1919年。实际上在此之前,美国政治学者芮恩施已经在其导师特纳“边疆理论”的启发下,开始研究19世纪末东方问题影响下的世界形势和国际关系,于1900年发表成名作《世界政治》,1911年出版专著《远东的思想和政治潮流》。芮恩施1903年领导创建了美国政治学会,组建了一个以他为中心的跨国学术网络。“美国例外论”贯穿芮恩施以“国际关系”为主要对象的研究历程,其研究虽然强调中国在世界上的地位,却难以遮掩其扩张主义本质。申言之,芮恩施试图用美国文明改造中国文明,把中国变成“亚洲的美国”。

The mainstream perspective in the current scholarship is that the discipline of modern international relations was founded in 1919,after the end of World War I.In fact,Paul S.Reinsch,an American Political Scientist,inspired by his mentor Frederick Jackson Turner's“Frontier Thesis”,had started to study global situations and international relations prompted by the“Eastern Question”in the late 19th century and published his seminal work World Politics in 1900 followed by his monograph Intellectual and Political Currents in the Far East in 1911.In 1903,Reinsch played a leading role in founding American Political Science Association,which led to the establishment of an international academic network centered around him.In Reinsch's study of international relations,the theme of“American exceptionalism”is the focal point.Although his work emphasizes the role of China on the global stage,his approach retained an inherent expansionist nature.In other words,Reinsch tried to reshape the Chinese civilization based on the American civilization,and transform China into“the U.S.of Asia”.