宣白承气汤对痰热腑实型哮喘大鼠肺组织病理损伤及Th1/Th2失衡影响

Effect of Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction(宣白承气汤)on Pathological Damage and Th1/Th2 Imbalance of Lung Tissue in Asthmatic Rats with Phlegm-heat and Excess of Fu-organs

目的观察宣白承气汤对痰热腑实型哮喘大鼠肺组织病理损伤情况及血清中Th1/Th2失衡的影响。方法将50只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、定喘汤组、宣白承气汤组、地塞米松组,每组10只。利用卵清蛋白(OVA)诱导哮喘模型,并施加痰热腑实因素,造模成功后,实验组按体质量1.5 mL/100 g分别给予定喘汤、宣白承气汤和地塞米松溶液,空白对照组与模型组按等比例给予0.9%氯化钠溶液,1次/d,连续用药14 d后,观察各组大鼠一般情况;记录各组大鼠体质量、肛温及代谢情况;HE染色观察大鼠肺组织病理改变情况,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)比较大鼠血清中Th1细胞因子白细胞介素(IL)-4和Th2细胞因子干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)的含量。结果空白组大鼠一般状态良好,毛发柔顺光泽,呼吸节律均匀平稳,四肢温和,体质量呈稳定增长趋势,肛温无异常增高,日均进食进水量平稳,大便量多质润;模型组大鼠精神状态差,毛发粗糙凌乱,呼吸节奏加快,可闻及哮鸣音,且抓挠口鼻频率增高,周围可见淡黄色黏性分泌物,体质量增长趋势较空白组减缓,且整体体质量偏低,肛温较空白组显著升高(P<0.01),日均进食进水量显著下降(P<0.01),24 h排便量明显减少(P<0.01)且质地坚硬;定喘汤组大鼠精神状态良好,毛发较模型组平整,口鼻处少见黏性分泌物,偶见喘息气急、搔鼻、打喷嚏,呼吸节律随给药时间延长趋于平稳,体质量增长与模型组相近,给药后肛温明显降低(P<0.05),日均进水量较模型组稍有升高(P>0.05),进食量稍有增多(P<0.05),24 h排便量增多(P>0.05)且质地变软;宣白承气汤组大鼠服药后整体状态良好,毛发光泽平整,口鼻黏性分泌物减少,呼吸喘息急促等症状相应改善,大鼠哮鸣音减少,抓挠口鼻频率低,体质量增长趋势较模型组更缓,且整体体质量小于模型组(P<0.01),给药后大鼠肛温显著降低(P<0.01),日均进食量进水量均增多(P<0.01),大便质软量多(P<0.01);地塞米松组大鼠用药1周期间各项状态较为稳定,继续用药后虽喘息气促明显改善,口鼻分泌物减少,但大鼠性情逐渐暴躁,肌肉僵直,皮肤松垮,毛发杂乱枯燥,体质量较模型组显著减少(P<0.01),肛温明显降低(P<0.01),日均进水量稍有增多(P>0.05),给药1周后日均进食量显著减少(P<0.01),继续给药后日均进食量稍有减少(P>0.05),24 h排便量增多(P>0.05),且质稀软。组织病理切片显示空白组大鼠未见炎性病理改变,模型组可见明显炎性浸润,治疗后定喘汤组、宣白承气汤组、地塞米松组大鼠肺组织病理情况均有所缓解;ELISA结果显示模型组大鼠血清Th1细胞因子IFN-γ水平较空白组显著下降(P<0.01),Th2细胞因子IL-4水平较空白组显著升高(P<0.01),经宣白承气汤给药后大鼠IFN-γ水平显著升高(P<0.01),IL-4水平显著降低(P<0.01)。结论宣白承气汤可以通过泄热通腑的方法治疗痰热腑实型哮喘,改善哮喘症状,缓解大鼠肺组织病理损伤,改变血清中IL-4和IFN-γ的含量,从而调节Th1/Th2失衡。

Objective To observe the effect of Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction(宣白承气汤)on pathological injury of lung tissue and imbalance of Th1/Th2 in serum of asthmatic rats with phlegmheat and excess of Fu-organs.Methods Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank control group,model group,Dingchuan Decoction(定喘汤)group,Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction group and dexamethasone group,with 10 rats in each group.Asthma model was induced by OVA and the factors of phlegm-heat were applied.After the model was established successfully,the experimental group was given Dingchuan Decoction,Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction and dexamethasone solution respectively according to the body weight of 1.5 mL/100 g,while the blank control group and the model group were given normal saline once a day according to the same proportion.After 14 days of continuous medication,the general conditions of rats in each group were observed;The body weight,anal temperature and metabolism of rats in each group were recorded HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue in rats,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to compare the contents of Th1 cytokine interleukin-4(IL-4)and Th2 cytokine interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in serum of rats.Results The rats in control group were generally in good condition,with soft and glossy hair,even and stable breathing rhythm,mild limbs,steady growth trend of body weight,no abnormal increase of anal temperature,stable daily intake of food and water,and mowast stool volume;model group rats had poor mental state,the hair was rough and messy,the breathing rhythm was accelerated,wheezing could be heard,the frequency of scratching nose and mouth was increased,and pale yellow vwascous secretion could be seen around it.The weight growth trend was slower than that of the blank group,and the overall weight was lower.The anal temperature was significouldtly higher than that of the blank group(P<0.01),the daily average food intake was significouldtly reduced(P<0.01),and the 24-hour defecation was significouldtly reduced(P<0.01)and the texture was hard;The rats in Dingchuan Decoction group were in good mental state,the hair was flatter than that of the model group,the vwascous secretion was rare in the mouth and nose,wheezing and shortness of breath,scratching nose and sneezing were occasionally seen,the breathing rhythm tended to be stable with the prolongation of adminwastration time,the weight gain was similar to that of the model group,the anal temperature decreased obviously(P<0.05),the daily average water inflow increased slightly(P>0.05),the food intake increased slightly(P<0.05),the defecation volume increased in 24 hours(P>0.05)and the texture became soft;The rats in Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction group were in good condition after taking the medicine,The symptoms such as smooth hair,decreased vwascous secretion of nose and mouth,and shortness of breath were improved accordingly.The wheezing sound of rats decreased,the frequency of scratching nose and mouth was low,the weight growth trend was slower than that of the model group,and the overall weight was lower than that of the model group(P<0.01).After adminwastration,the anal temperature of rats decreased significouldtly(P<0.01),the average daily food intake and water intake increased(P<0.01),and the stool quality was soft(P<0.01).The state of rats in dexamethasone group was stable during one week,Although wheezing and shortness of breath are obviously improved after continuing medication,compared with the model group,the rats'body weight and anal temperature decreased significouldtly(P<0.01),the average daily water intake increased slightly(P>0.05),the average daily food intake decreased significouldtly after one week of adminwastration(P<0.01),and the average daily food intake decreased slightly after continuous adminwastration(P>0.05),and the defecation volume increased within 24 hours(P>0.05).Hwastopathological sections showed no inflammatory pathological changes in group A;Inflammatory infiltration was observed in model group;After treatment,the pathological conditions of lung twassue in Dingchuan Decoction group,Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction group and dexamethasone group were relieved.The results of ELISA showed that the level of IFN-γin the model group was significouldtly lower than that in the blank group(P<0.01),the level of IL-4 in the model group was significouldtly higher than that in the blank group(P<0.01),the level of IFN-γwas significouldtly higher(P<0.01)and the level of IL-4 was significouldtly lower(P<0.01).Conclusion Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction can treat asthma with phlegm-heat and excess of Fu-organs by releasing heat and dredging Fu-organs,improve asthma symptoms,relieve pathological damage of lung tissue in rats,and change the contents of IL-4 and IFN-γin serum,thus regulating Th1/Th2 imbalance.