三栖农民栖息地选择不同对土地流转的影响研究

Impact of Triphibious Farmers’Choices in Habitats on Farmland Transfer

三栖农民是农民工中的一个新兴群体,未来栖息地选择的不同可能会影响其对土地流转近期和远期的决策。通过在我国20个省区市调查的592户数据,对选择农村、县城、城市作为栖息地的三类三栖农民分别进行假设检验和二元选择分析,结果表明三栖农民栖息地不同对土地转出参与率有明显影响。其中,选择城市作为栖息地的三栖农民土地转出参与率主要受家庭代际结构、夫妻双方是否都外出务工、非农就业劳动力户主年龄和最高学历的影响;选择县城新家作为栖息地的三栖农民土地转出参与率主要受夫妻双方是否都外出务工、家庭代际结构、非农就业劳动力中户主年龄的影响;选择农村老家作为栖息地的三栖农民土地转出参与率主要受夫妻双方是否同时外出务工、非农就业劳动力中户主年龄的影响。建议政府为三栖农民土地转出和举家迁移创造良好条件,提高农村学生接受高等教育比率,从而增加高质量迁移三栖农民数量,同时鼓励部分三栖农民返乡创业。

Triphibious farmers are an emerging group of rural migrant workers,and different choices in future habitats may affect their short-term and long-term decisions on farmland transfer.This research conducted hypothesis testing and binary selection analysis on three types of triphibious farmers choosing rural areas,county towns or cities as habitats based on the data of 592 households in twenty provinces or cities in China.The results show that different choices of habitats have a significant impact on the participation rate of farmland transfer.The participation rate of farmland transfer for farmers choosing cities as their habitats is mainly affected by the intergenerational structure of the family,whether both husband and wife are migrant workers,the age of the household head of the non-agricultural employment labor force and the educational background;the participation rate of farmland transfer for farmers choosing counties as their habitats is mainly affected by whether both husband and wife are migrant workers,the intergenerational structure of the family,and the age of the household head of the non-agricultural employment labor force;the participation rate of farmland transfer for farmers choosing their rural hometowns as their habitats is mainly affected by whether both husband and wife are migrant workers and the age of the household head of non-agricultural employment labor force.Thus this research suggests that the government should create good conditions for farmland transfer and family migration of triphibious farmers,increase the rate of rural students in higher education to increase the number of high-quality migrant farmers,and encourage some triphibious farmers returning home for entrepreneurship.