哲学论辩的思想张力:生态女性主义对康德哲学的反思

The Ideological Tension of Philosophical Debate:Ecological Feminism’s Reflectian on Kant’s Philosophy

生态女性主义抵制二元对立的主宰逻辑和普遍主义导致的简化论,以传统研究视角而言,反思康德哲学是立论的必由之路。但我们在重新审视康德对男性——女性、理性——感性、人类——自然的看法,并且深入思考康德的普遍主义和生态女性主义的“特殊主义”能否实现兼容的问题之后,发现二者有一定的相通之处,存在隐而不彰的默契:一是康德哲学中非二元对立的特质与以普鲁姆德为代表的生态女性主义主张的二元“居间性”有相通之处;二是康德的普遍主义伦理学与生态女性主义强调差异的伦理学是形式与内容之关系,它们相互补充、相辅相成。这些论辩成果实际上存在着强大的思想张力,使女性主义理论和伦理学向新的可能性敞开。

Ecological feminism resists the dominant logic of binary opposition and the reductionism caused by universalism.For them,reflecting on Kantian philosophy is the only way to argue.But after re-examining Kant’s views on male,female,rational emotional,and human nature,and delving into the compatibility between Kant’s universalism and ecological feminism’s“particularism”,we find that there is a hidden and tacit understanding between the two.Firstly,the non binary opposition in Kant’s philosophy shares similarities with the binary“intermediary”advocated by ecological feminism represented by Proud;the second is that Kant’s universalist ethics and ecological feminism emphasize the relationship between form and content,and they complement each other.These debates actually have a strong ideological tension,opening up feminist theory and ethics to new possibilities.