普通高中高质量发展:政策注意力视角的检视

Quality Development of General Secondary Schools: A Review of Policy Attention Perspectives

政策注意力用于表征政策决策者对政策议题的关注程度,对政策过程及实践指向具有重要影响。新世纪以来,政策注意力对普通高中办学质量的关注逐渐从“隐匿”走向“显学”。检视这一时期的政策文本发现,在提升普通高中办学质量的过程中,政策注意力先后经历注重课程教学和教师发展、关注教师队伍质量建设和随迁子女异地升学、推动立德树人、聚焦育人方式变革四个阶段。在此过程中,政策注意力以学生为中心,由聚焦重点到关注多维,政策目标由宏观到具体,呈现鲜明的逻辑特征。进入高质量发展阶段,丰富育人方式,以多样化回应高中内涵式发展转向;体制重心上移,以提级管理破解高中阶段教育结构不协调;加快培养名校长,以教育家精神引领高中实现高质量,应成为政策注意力聚焦的核心议题。

Policy attention is used to indicate the degree of focus that policy makers place on policy issues, which significantly impacts policy processes and practices. Since the beginning of the new century, the emphasis on the quality of general high school education in policy discussions has gradually shifted from being inconspicuous to being more prominent. Analyzing policy documents from this period reveals that, in the pursuit of enhancing the quality of general high school education, policy attention has progressed through four stages: highlighting curriculum and teaching, prioritizing teacher development, addressing the quality of the teaching workforce and the education of migrant children, and promoting moral education and transformative approaches to education. Throughout this evolution, policy attention has transitioned from a student-centered approach to a multidimensional focus, with policy objectives shifting from macro-level to specific, displaying distinct logical characteristics. In the phase of highquality development, the diversification of educational approaches responds to the trend towards intrinsic development within high schools. Concurrently, the shift in administrative focus and the enhancement of management address structural issues in high school education. Moreover, expediting the cultivation of exemplary school principals, guided by the principles of educational leadership,facilitates the realization of high-quality education in high schools, consequently becoming a central focal point of policy attention.