铜冶炼含铅废料中铅的回收研究现状

Research Status of Lead Recovery from Lead-containing Waste in Copper Smelting

为了调研铜冶炼行业含铅废料中铅资源化技术的应用现状,对比分析了铜冶炼行业含铅废料回收铅常用工艺的优缺点。火法工艺是通过高温熔炼得到铅铋合金,铅铋合金通过电解工艺制备电铅,实现铅的资源化,火法工艺工艺流程简单,但是能耗大、铅直收率低、S进入烟气造成环境污染。湿法工艺是采用酸、碱、氯盐等浸出液浸出含铅废料中的铅,在通过化学沉淀、化学置换等方法回收铅,湿法工艺铅回收率高、能耗少,但是工艺流程长、操作复杂、试剂消耗量大。目前火法工艺在铅回收工程中应用较广泛,应进一步加强火法工艺的优化,降低能耗、强化环境保护。

In order to investigate the current application status of lead resource recovery technology in lead containing waste in the copper smelting industry,the advantages and disadvantages of the lead recovery process from lead containing waste in the copper smelting industry were compared and analyzed.The pyrometallurgical process involves obtaining lead bismuth alloy through high-temperature melting.Then,lead bismuth alloy is prepared by electrolysis process to achieve the resource utilization of lead.The advantage of pyrotechnic process is its simple process.However,there are some drawbacks,such as high energy consumption,low vertical yield,and environmental pollution caused by S entering the flue gas.The wet process uses leaching solutions such as acid,alkali,and chloride salts to leach lead from lead containing waste.Then,lead is recovered through methods such as chemical precipitation and chemical displacement.The advantages of wet process are high lead recovery rate and low energy consumption.However,wet process has some drawbacks,such as long process,complex operation,and high reagent consumption.Now the pyrometallurgical process is widely used in lead recovery engineering.So further efforts should be made to optimize the pyrometallurgical process,reduce energy consumption,and strengthen environmental protection.