面向个性化健康医疗的智能纺织品研究进展

Advances in smart textiles oriented to personalized healthcare

为推进智能纺织品在个性化健康医疗体系中的深入研究和实际应用,推动当前以医院或诊所为中心的集中、被动式公共卫生医疗体系向未来以主动、预防、个性化、定制化和智能化为特征的新健康管理模式转变,首先介绍了智能纺织品的概念特征和功能属性,然后针对主动传感机制,详述了常见智能纺织品的电响应原理及其制备方式和各自优缺点。其次,介绍了智能纺织品在个性化健康医疗系统中的潜在应用,主要涵盖了体征体态监测、智能化诊断、个性化治疗和辅助康复训练等健康管理方面。最后,针对个性化健康医疗智能纺织品迈向大规模应用道路中的关键性挑战,对其优先发展方向和潜在解决方案做出了展望。

Significance With the increasing prevalence of infectious diseases and the growing trend of population aging,the conventional hospital and the clinic-centered public health system lack the abilities for remote real-time monitoring,diagnosis and treatment,making it more difficult to achieve the monitoring of sustained vital signs and the implementation of long-term treatment programs.On the basis of the rapid development of wearable electronic devices,the Internet of Things,and artificial intelligence,the future healthcare model will transform from a therapeutic,centralized,passive,and even one-size-fits-all treatment to a new paradigm of proactive,preventive,personalized,customized and intelligent way.Therefore,various wearable signs and posture monitoring equipment,intelligent diagnostic and therapeutic tools,and highly integrated physiological health assessment systems are being developed,which will profoundly change the medical care and people′s life in the future society.Progress As a combination product of advanced functional or intelligent attributes with conventional wearable textile materials,smart textiles are gradually emerging because of their abilities to collect,process,transmit,and display information,which can serve as a good medium for human being to interact with the outside world.In addition,smart textiles can be a powerful tool to generate and store energy,sense and respond to multiple external stimuli such as mechanical,thermal,optical,chemical,radiant,magnetic or acoustic stimul,and even communicate with users,which will attract considerable research interest and enrich a wide range of application areas ranging from wearable power sources,luminescent visualization,athletic sports,to personal health management and information transmission and communication.In term of personized healthcare,smart textiles can provide insight into a person′s physiological state,and directly conduct on-site disease monitoring and intervention,thus reducing the healthcare burden and improving treatment results.According to their basic working mechanisms or electrical response modes,smart textiles can be divided into seven categories,including piezoelectric effect,piezoresistive effect,capacitive effect,triboelectric effect,thermoelectric effect,optical fiber based effect,electrochemical effect,and etc.Each mode has iTSown advantages and disadvantages,which need to weighed based on the actual application scenarios and performance requirements.For example,based on the coupling effect of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction,a variety of smart textiles based on triboelectric effect are developed,which have two main functions of autonomous power supplying and active self-powered sensing.uwing to the outstanding advantages of simple structure design,wide range of material selection,and high energy conversion efficiency at low frequencies,the triboelectric-based smart textiles have attracted extensive attention both from academia and industry,which have been widely studied in the applications of emergency self-charging clothes,multifunctional flexible sensors,personalized healthcare devices,human-computer interaction interfaces and artificial intelligence.Conclusion and Prospect Aiming at the application of smart textiles in personalized healthcare,their recent research process in sleep respiration monitoring,electromyography monitoring,tactile sensing,personalized treatment,and intelligent diagnosis are mainly introduced.In each aspect,typical examples are given to illustrate the application of smart textiles in personalized healthcare.In the end,the future development trend and potential challenges of smart textiles in personalized healthcare are introduced.There is no doubt that with the integration of more intelligent technologies and the urgent needs of future medical market,smart textiles will be rapidly developed in personalized healthcare,and gradually form mature products.Meanwhile,it is also worth noting that the application of smart textiles in the field of personalized healthcare also faces many challenges,especially in the aspecTSof circuit connection reliability,long-time machine washability,affinity to human skin,large-scale fabrication and integration,and so on.