多样化算力对服务器的散热挑战分析

Analysis of thermal challenges in servers for diverse computing power

多样化算力对于服务器散热设计提出严峻挑战,在对服务器散热问题进行解析之后,给出了通用算力和智算算力服务器散热受限的主要原因,并从工质是否相变的角度对常用的散热技术重新进行梳理与分类;对冷板式和浸没式液冷技术规模商用受限的核心限制因素进行分析与介绍;对常用的无源两相散热技术的问题和使用前景进行概述。最后,提出推动跨层级的合作会更有效的应对服务器散热挑战。

The diverse computing power presents significant challenges in server thermal design.This paper analyzes the cooling issues related to servers and identifies the main reasons for the limitations of thermal design in both generalpurpose computing and intelligence computing servers.It also reclassifies commonly used thermal technologies based on whether the working medium changes phase.Then,this paper analyzes and introduces the core limiting factors that restrict the commercial scalability of cold-plate and immersion liquid cooling technologies,and gives an overview of the issues and prospects of common passive two-phase technologies.Finally,it proposes that cross-layer collaboration and cooperation are key factors in addressing the thermal challenges in servers.