江西省武宁县成年居民营养健康知识知晓情况及影响因素分析

Analysis of nutrition and health knowledge of adult residents in Wuning County,Jiangxi Province in 2022 and its influencing factors

目的了解健康中国背景下江西省武宁县成年居民营养健康知识水平,分析存在的营养健康知识短板,探讨居民营养健康知识知晓情况的相关影响因素并为营养干预政策制定提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样和分层抽样相结合的方法,抽取江西省武宁县18~64岁当地居民开展营养健康知识问卷调查,计算知晓率并分析比较居民营养知识获取渠道,运用方差分析和多因素logistic回归方法分析影响营养健康知识知晓率的主要因素。结果895名常驻居民的平均年龄(39.49±12.08)岁,男性占51.62%。营养知识知晓状况中,居民对高油、高盐食品的知晓率最高(85.59%),其次是补钙最佳食物(55.75%)和健康成人每日食盐摄入量(41.68%)。居民营养知识平均得分为(11.01±2.38)分。调查对象获取营养知识最广泛的途径为微信/微博/抖音/快手等软件,占所应答总人数的比例为91.28%。分析显示,不同年龄(F=30.80)、文化程度(F=22.26)、职业类型(F=20.06)及健康状况(F=5.34)居民营养知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistics回归分析显示:文化程度与职业类型是营养知识得分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论江西省武宁县成年居民营养健康知识知晓率与文化程度与职业类型有关,应针对薄弱环节进行重点宣教,并针对不同人群特点采取相应方式,通过多种渠道加强健康营养知识传播。

Objective To understand the level of nutrition and health knowledge of adult residents in Wuning County,Jiangxi Province under the background of healthy China,analyze the existing shortcomings of nutrition and health knowledge,and discuss the relevant influencing factors of residents′nutrition and health knowledge awareness,so as to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of nutrition intervention policies.Methods A total of 895 local residents aged 18-64 years old in Wuning County,Jiangxi Province were selected to carry out a questionnaire survey on nutrition and health knowledge,the awareness rate was calculated,the acquisition channels of nutrition knowledge were analyzed and compared,and the main factors affecting the awareness rate of nutrition and health knowledge were analyzed by variance analysis and multivariate logistic regression method.Results The average age of 895 respondents was 39.49±12.08 years old,and males accounted for 51.62%.The awareness rate of high-oil and high-salt food was the highest(85.59%),followed by the best calcium supplement food(55.75%),and the daily salt intake of healthy adults(41.68%).The average score of nutrition knowledge was 11.01±2.38 points.The most extensive way for respondents to obtain nutrition knowledge was WeChat/Weibo/Tiktok/Kuaishou,accounting for 91.28% of the total number of respondents.There were statistically significant differences in the average scores and awareness rates of different age groups(F=30.80,P<0.001),different education level groups(F=22.26,P<0.001),different occupational groups(F=20.06,P<0.001),and different health status groups(F=5.34,P=0.005).Logistics regression analysis showed that education level and occupation type were the influencing factors of nutrition knowledge score(P<0.05).Conclusion The awareness rate of nutrition and health knowledge among adult residents in Wuning County,Jiangxi Province is related to age,occupation,education level and health status,and it is necessary to focus on the weak links and take corresponding measures according to the characteristics of different groups of people,and strengthen the dissemination of health and nutrition knowledge through multiple channels.