食蚜瘿蚊对高粱蚜的控制潜能

Control Potential of Aphidoletes aphidimyza(Rondani)on Melanaphis sacchari(Zehntner)

为了解食蚜瘿蚊Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani)对高粱蚜Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner)的控制潜能,本文开展了食蚜瘿蚊3龄幼虫对高粱蚜若虫(1~2龄)的室内捕食功能反应和室外笼罩释放食蚜瘿蚊(蛹)防治高粱蚜的试验研究。结果表明:食蚜瘿蚊3龄幼虫对高粱蚜1~2龄若虫的捕食反应均属于Holling II型,其控害效能a/Th为0.6570,最大理论日捕食量为32.79头;食蚜瘿蚊3龄幼虫的捕食作用受种内干扰的影响,干扰系数m为0.3007;室外笼罩释放食蚜瘿蚊(蛹)防治高粱蚜的最佳防效益害比为1:15,且释放食蚜瘿蚊(9日龄蛹)后的第6d为防效最佳时期,益害比1:5、1:10、1:15对高粱蚜的防控效果均达到70%以上。综上所述,食蚜瘿蚊对高粱蚜具有良好的防控潜力,未来有希望将其进一步应用到田间的生物防治上。

The pest control potential of Aphidoletes aphidimyza(Rondani)on Melanaphis sacchari(Zehntner)was investigated through laboratory assessment of the predation function of 3rd instars larvae of A.aphidimyza on 1st to 2nd instar of M.sacchari and outdoor cage release of A.aphidimyza pupae to control M.sacchari.The predatory responses of the 3rd instar larvae of A.aphidimyza to 1st to 2nd instar of M.sacchari fitted well with the Holling II type,with a pest control efficiency a/Th of 0.6570 and a maximum daily predation of 32.79.The predation was affected by the intra-specific interference,with a coefficient(m)of 0.3007.The beneficial to pest ratio for the optimal control efficiency in cage release was 1:15,which achieved the best control of aphids on the 6th day after release of A.aphidimyza,although the control efficiencies with beneficial to pest ratios of 1:5,1:10 and 1:15 were all over 70%.In conclusion,A.aphidimyza has a potential for the control of M.sacchari and can be included in the biological control program for M.sacchari in the future.