乡镇单元减灾能力风险区划研究——以河北省中部某区域为例

Study on Risk Zoning of Disaster Reduction Capacity of Township Units:Taking a Certain Region in Central Hebei Province as an Example

以河北省中部某区域为例,构建灾害管理能力、灾害备灾能力、自救转移能力一体化的乡镇(街道)、社区(行政村)减灾能力评估指标体系,应用优劣解距离法TOPSIS综合评估模型定量评估研究区域的综合减灾能力,使用ArcGIS的均值-标准差法分级进行灾害风险区划分研究。研究表明:乡镇(街道)减灾风险等级以中等、较弱等级为主;减灾能力在空间上呈现出东南部最强,西北部略强,南部、西部和东部次之,中部和北部最弱的特征。社区(行政村)减灾风险等级以中等等级为主,减灾能力在空间上呈现出东部最强,西部和南部略强,中西部再次之,北部最弱的特征。评估结果较为准确地识别了各乡镇减灾能力的优势和限制因素,其减灾能力的差异主要受物资储备、公众避险、风险评估能力等因素影响。

Taking a certain region in central Hebei Province as an example,an evaluation index system for the integrated disaster management ability,disaster preparedness ability,and self-rescue and transfer capacity of townships(streets) and communities(administrative villages) was constructed.The TOPSIS comprehensive assessment model with the superiority and inferiority solution distance method was applied to quantitatively evaluate the comprehensive disaster reduction ability of the studied area.The mean-standard deviation method of ArcGIS was used to conduct the study of disaster risk area division.The results show that the risk levels of townships(streets) disaster reduction are mainly medium and weaker;The disaster reduction capacity is the strongest in the southeast,slightly stronger in the northwest,followed by the south,west and east,and the weakest in the middle and north regions.The disaster reduction risk levels of communities(administrative villages) are mainly medium levels,and the disaster reduction ability is the strongest in the east,slightly stronger in the west and south,followed by the central and western regions,and the weakest in the north.The evaluation results more accurately identify the advantages and limitations of the disaster reduction capacity of each township,and the differences in disaster reduction capacity are mainly influenced by factors such as material reserves,public hedging,and risk assessment capabilities.