新时代小学生生态文明素养测评模型构建与应用研究

Research on Construction and Application of Evaluation Model of Primary School Students’Ecological Civilization Literacy in the New Era

生态文明素养是教育推进“人与自然和谐共生”现代化的重要路径,小学阶段是个体生态文明素养启蒙与培育的关键时期,构建科学有效的测评模型将成为提升小学生生态文明素养的有力抓手。该文通过厘清生态文明素养的基本内涵,构建了包含生态知识、生态情感、生态认知、生态行为4个一级指标和8个观测点的测评指标体系,据此研制了测评量表,并通过大规模调研构建了小学生生态文明素养测评模型。运用该测评模型对重庆市150余所小学4504名小学生进行实践评估,结果表明小学生生态文明素养达到中等以上水平,但在生态知识和生态行为上得分较低,在性别、参与户外活动频率、在家是否进行垃圾分类等方面存在显著差异。研究进一步提出了完善培育体系、发挥学校主阵地作用、构建家校社协同育人机制、强化数字赋能与特色建设是提升小学生生态文明素养的实践路径。

Ecological civilization literacy is an important path for education to promote the modernization of“harmonious coexistence between man and nature”.Primary school is the key period of individual ecological civilization enlightenment and cultivation,to constructing a scientific and effective assessment model will become a powerful starting point for improving the ecological civilization literacy of primary school students.With beginning of clarifying the connotation of ecological civilization literacy,the current study establishes the evaluation indicators system which contains 4 indicators named Ecological knowledge、Ecological emotion、Ecological cognition、Ecological behavior and 8 observation point.Based on the indicators system,the evaluation form and model are also constructed through large-scale quantitative research.After evaluating the ecological civilization literacy level of 4504 students from 150 primary schools in Chongqing,it is found that the overall level of ecological civilization literacy reaches above the medium level,but the mastery of ecological knowledge and ecological behavior are relatively poor.There are differences in gender,frequency of participation in outdoor activities and whether to do waste sorting at home.Based on this research conclusion,it is proposed four proper ways to improve the ecological civilization literacy of primary school students which containing improving the cultivation system,playing the main role of school function,establishing a collaborative education mechanism among family,school and community,enhancing digital empowerment and characteristics construction.