新时代促进两性平等教育路径研究

Research on Educational Paths to Promote Gender Equality

教育领域的两性平等问题不仅影响着教育资源的公平分配,也影响着青少年价值观的形成以及社会经济文化的健康发展。两性平等蕴含着在教育政策中融入“性别意识”,摒弃“中性化”的思维模式。我国目前在入学机会、招生就业、教材内容、教育过程等方面还存在着社会性别偏差问题或性别不平等现象,其原因主要包括生育政策、父权文化、城乡差异以及性别教育缺失等。解决相关问题的路径包括:加强顶层设计,将性别意识纳入教育政策制定全过程;改善基础教育教师队伍的性别结构,增强教师的性别意识;将性别教育融入教材编写,并开设性别教育课程;根据两性性别特征,选取科学的教学方式等。

Promoting gender equality in education has a profound influence on realizing the fair distribution of educational resources,the formation of the youth values and the sound development of the economic and culture in China society."Gender equality"implies integrating"gender awareness"into education policies and abandoning"gender-neutral"thinking patterns.At present,there are still gender bias or gender inequality in enrollment opportunities,enrollment and employment,content of textbooks,and educational process in China.The reasons mainly include birth policy,patriarchal culture,urban and rural differences,and lack of gender education.Countermeasures include:gender consciousness should be taken into consideration when governments make educational policies,which requires a change of the fundamental gender structure among teachers in the elementary education and a raise of gender awareness.Besides,gender education should be chosen in textbooks and gender equity education should be integrated in the curriculum.Also the choice of teaching methods should be guided by the analysis of gender attributes.