我国工业减废降碳协同增效路径探索——以食品制造业为例

Exploring the synergistic path of waste reduction and carbon emission reduction in China's industry-taking food manufacturing industry as example

减污降碳协同增效是实现美丽中国建设和“双碳”目标的必然选择,固体废物污染防治是实现减污降碳协同增效的重要治理途径之一。但在现有制度框架下,对减废降碳协同推进的理解与认识仍较为有限,减废降碳协同增效路径尚处于探索阶段。本研究以深圳市食品制造业为例,从生命周期视角量化该行业及其分行业全链条的碳排放,并基于SWOT分析,对该行业减废降碳协同增效路径进行初步探索。研究结果显示,2012—2020年深圳市食品制造业碳排放总量和强度均显著下降,10类分行业全链条碳排放范围为0.19~10.86 tCO_(2)e·t^(-1)产品,其中,碳排放最高的为糕点、面包制造分行业,最低的为蜜饯制造分行业。此外,SWOT分析结果显示食品制造业减废降碳协同增效可以通过资源循环利用、优化供应链管理实现,但目前存在行业供应链分散、企业积极性不高和植物基蛋白技术体系不完善等问题,需要抓住“双碳”目标和“无废城市”建设的机遇,加快做好顶层设计,构建行业减废降碳协同增效政策体系,推动关键技术绿色低碳转型,多措并举实现食品制造行业减废降碳协同增效。该研究不仅为食品制造业实现“双碳”目标提供理论依据,同时为工业减废降碳协同增效路径的探索提供方法指导。

Synergy in the reduction of pollution and carbon is an inevitable choice to promote the construction of a beautiful China and realize China's double carbon targets.The prevention and control of solid waste pollution is one of the important pathways to achieve synergy in the reduction of pollution and carbon.However,synergy pathway in the reduction of waste and carbon is still in exploratory due to the limitation understanding and recognition.This study taked the food manufacturing industry as example to explore the synergy pathway in the reduction of waste and carbon in industry based on the Strengths,Weaknesses,Opportunities and Threats(SWOT)analysis.Meanwhile,this study also assessed the life-cycle carbon emission of food manufacturing industry and 10 sub-industries.Results indicated that total carbon emission and intensity of the food manufacturing industry in Shenzhen decreased significantly from 2012 to 2020.Life-cycle carbon emission of 10 sub-industries varied from 0.19 to 10.86 tCO_(2)e per ton product.The pastry and bread manufacturing subindustry hold the highest carbon emission while the preserves manufacturing sub-industry were the lowest.Additionally,based on SWOT analysis,synergy in the reduction of waste and carbon for the food manufacturing industry could be achieved through recycle resources and supply chains optimization.However,the weaknesses were supply chains dispersion,enterprises with low enthusiasm and plant-based protein technology imperfect.In future,with the development of China's double carbon targets and"Zero-Waste cities"construction,multiple measures should be taken to achieve synergy in the reduction of waste and carbon,such as completing top-level design,building policy system,promoting green and low-carbon transformation of key technologies.